1. Std. :- 5th
Sub. :- Mathematics
Chapter no. 01
ROMAN NUMERALS

2. Roman Numerals

3. A Brief History of Roman Numerals
Roman numerals originated in ancient Rome. This ancient counting system is believed to have started with the ancient Etruscans.
The symbol for one in the roman numeral system probably represented a single tally mark which people would notch into wood or dirt to keep track of items or events they were counting. It would also be easy to write on a wax tablet.

4. How to convert Arabic numbers to Roman Numerals
Roman numerals are written as combinations of seven letters.
I = 1
V = 5
X = 10
L = 50
C = 100
D =500
M = 1000
The letters can be written as capital (XVI) or lower-case letters (xvi).

5. Rules to Write Roman Numerals
Rule.1: If either of the symbol s I or X is written consecutively two or three times, their sum total is the number they make.
Examples : II = =2
XX = =20
III = =3

6. Rules to Write Roman Numerals
Rule.2: The symbol s I or X can be repeated consecutively for a maximum of three times. The numeral V is never repeated consecutively.
Rule.3: When either I of V is written on the right of the symbol of a bigger number, its value is added to the value of the bigger number.
Examples : VI = =6
XV = =15
VIII = =8

7. Rules to Write Roman Numerals
Rule.4: When I is written on the left of V or X,then its value is subtracted form the value of V or X .However, the symbol I is not written more than once before V or X.
Examples : IV = =4
IX = =9
III = =3

8. Can you convert these numbers to Roman Numerals?
Work in pairs, answer in the back of books –
17 = = = =
12 = = = =
11 = = = =

9. Created By : Teachers name : Anantkawalas S.B
School name : Sadhana Vidyalaya Hadapsar,Pune-28