1. Cardiac Chain of Survival
How to handle a cardiac emergency!

2. Four Links in the Cardiac Chain of Survival
Early recognition of the emergency and early access to EMS
Early CPR
Early defibrillation
Early advanced medical care

3. Signs and Symptoms of a Heart Attack
Persistent chest discomfort
Discomfort that spreads to shoulder, neck, jaw,arm
Trouble breathing
Nausea/vomiting
Trouble breathing
Dizziness, light-headed, fainting
Pale/ashen/grayish/bluish skin
Sweating
Denial of signs/symptoms

4. How to help someone having a heart attack
Immediately call EMS
Have the victim rest
Loosen any tight clothing
Comfort the victim
Assist with any medication
Be prepared to perform CPR or use AED

5. Cardiac Arrest Life threatening emergency
Heart stops beating/beating irregularly or weakly to circulate blood
Signs + symptoms: unconsciousness, no pulse
Can occur without warning

6. CPR (Cardio-pulmonary Resuscitation)
Combination of rescue breaths and chest compressions
Circulates blood and oxygen – DOES NOT RE-START THE HEART
Increases the chances of survival
CPR techniques are modified for body size

7. DVD Segment: CPR

8. Despite your best efforts:
Victim’s ribs may break
Victim may vomit
The scene may be chaotic
Victim may not survive

9. Adult CPR 30 Compression…2 breaths Compress the chest 1 ½ to 2 inches
Compress the chest at a rate of 100 compressions per minute

10. Child CPR 30 Compressions…2 breaths Compress the chest 1 to 1 ½ inches
Compress the chest at a rate of 100 compressions per minute

11. Infant CPR 30 Compressions…2 breaths Compress the chest 1 to ½ inch
Compress the chest at a rate of 100 compressions per minute
Use 2-3 fingers in the center of the chest

12. DVD Segment: Two Person CPR

13. Two-Rescuer CPR Adult…remains 30 compressions/2 breaths
Child and infant…changes to 15 compressions/2 breaths

14. Two-Rescuer CPR When two rescuers begin CPR together…
FIRST rescuer does the initial assessment and the SECOND rescuer gets into position to do chest compressions
If there is no breathing/pulse, first rescuer says, “BEGIN CPR!”
Change about every 2 minutes

15. CPR Keep going until… Another trained rescuer arrives and takes over
You are too exhausted to continue
The scene becomes unsafe
You notice an obvious sign of life