1. Chapter 23 Section 2
Europe Erupts in War Standard: 8.7- recognize world War II alliances. Standard: 8.1- Identify the causes of World War II How did Germany’s actions in 1939 trigger the start of World War II?
Neville Chamberlain believed that his policy of appeasement—or giving in to aggressive demands to maintain peace—had prevented the outbreak of war.
Yet many believed that Hitler was not going to stop after gaining the Sudetenland, as he had promised Chamberlain. One such critic was a rival Politian named Winston Churchill.
Rival British politician Winston Churchill condemned Chamberlain’s policy of appeasement and said it would lead to war.
Churchill was correct; Hitler was not appeased by gaining the Sudetenland.
In 1939 Hitler gained more land by force, made alliances that he hoped would help him in the future, and attacked Poland.

2. Morning Work September 27, 2016
Write questions
What was the Anschluss?
What race did Hitler consider superior?
Morning work
Lecture: Europe Erupts in War
WWII in HD: Episode 1
1st Period
Agenda

3. Morning Work September 26, 2016
Write questions
What was the Anschluss?
What race did Hitler consider superior?
Morning work
Lecture: Europe Erupts in War
WWII in HD: Episode 1
2nd/3rd Period
Agenda

4. Hitler’s Action in 1939 Czechoslovakia Alliances
In March 14-15, 1939 Hitler sent troops remainder of Czechoslovakia.
Alliances
Established a pact w/ Italy.
August : established a nonaggression pact w/ USSR
In March Hitler sent troops into what remained of Czechoslovakia, capturing it w/out a fight.
Czechoslovakia fell without putting up a fight.
Chamberlain finally realized that Hitler could not be trusted and that his aggression was far from over.
Appeasement had failed.
Hitler’s next move was to build alliances that would help him in the future. First he established a pact w/ Italy. Then in August 1939, he announced a non-aggression pact with Stalin’s Soviet Union. With this pact Hitler had shrewdly won Stalin’s agreement to stay out of Germany’s way as it continued to expand. It return, Hitler promised not to attack the Soviet Union.
Stalin agreed not to stop Hitler’s expansion and Hitler agreed not to attack Stalin.
In return, Hitler agreed to give the Soviet Union parts of soon-to-be-conquered territory in Eastern Europe.
This pact shocked many in Europe. The British/French had thought the tension b/w Germany and the Soviet Union were rising. They had hoped Stalin would stand w/them against a possible German attack. In fact, the Soviets did fear Hitler’s intentions. Stalin, however, believed
the deal w/ the Nazis offered the greatest security.
Within days of the Nazi-Soviet agreement, Hitler was ready to launch his next strike-the invasion of Poland.

5. Hitler’s Actions in 1939 Poland
September 1, 1939 Hitler invaded Poland.
German military used blitzkrieg, or “lightning war.”
9/27/39- Poland surrenders
On September 1, 1939, Hitler invaded Poland.
To provide an excuse for the attack, Hitler had a German criminal dressed in a Polish military uniform. The man was taken to the German-Polish border and shot. The next morning-September 1- Germany claimed it had been attacked by Poland.
The German military used the blitzkrieg, or “lightning war.”
Featured an overwhelming combination of air attack and fast-moving armored strikes to drive deep into enemy territory.
The well-trained Germans used the blitzkrieg to devastating effect in Poland. Although the Poles fought bravely, they could not resist the German onslaught.
The Polish landscape offered few natural barriers to slow speedy invasion, and Polish troops were o match for German armor.
In some battles, Polish soldiers on horseback carried swords into battle against German tanks.
By the end of the month, Poland was in German hands.

6. Hitler’s Actions

7. Invasion of Poland

8. Invasion of Poland

9. Central Historical Question
Was Appeasement the right policy for England to pursue in 1938?

10. German Forces Turn to the West
9/3/39: GB/ FR declared war on GR
Allied Powers
GR did not attack in the winter of
This period became known as the sitzkrieg.
On September 3, 1939, Great Britain and France declared war on Germany. They became known as the Allies. There was little they could do to slow Hitler in Poland. And even before the fighting there had ended, Hitler was planning his attack on new enemies. The Allies had been forming their own strategy.
The Allies did not attack Germany. Instead, they decided to wait for Germany to make its next move. They believed that Germany’s army would grow weak trying to invade France.
Allied leaders were surprised that Germany did not attack in the winter of This period of inactivity became known as the sitzkrieg, or phony war. In fact, German ,military leaders were busy making plans for an invasion through the dense Ardennes Forest.
Germany made plans to invade France through the Ardennes Forest (in northern France and Belgium). This was rugged terrain and the French army concentrated their defenses elsewhere. Some were stationed to the north of the Forest along the border w/ Belgium. French defenses to the south of the Ardennes featured the famed Maginot Line (a string of bunkers and fortresses that lined art of the French-German borders) was to the south of the Ardennes

11. Germany Turns to the West
GR made plans to invade FR through the Ardennes Forest.
FR concentrated their forces elsewhere
Stationed to the north of the Ardennes
Maginot Line was to the south of the Ardennes

12. German Forces Turn to the West
April 9,1940
GR invaded Denmark/Norway
May10,1940
GR invade FR
GR conquered the Netherlands/ stormed into Belgium.
Early June the GR had trapped Allied soldiers at Dunkirk.
The lull of the fighting ended in April 1940, when Hitler sent his forces into Denmark and Norway. The move was aimed at improving Germany’s access to the Atlantic Ocean. Both countries fell w/ little resistance. The surprised Allied forces were unable to do much to help. W/ Denmark and Norway secured, Hitler was ready to focus on France.
The Germans finally made their expected strike toward France in May Their plan worked to perfection.
May 1940: One group of Germans quickly conquered the Netherlands and stormed into Belgium. They were met by Belgian, British, and French units. These forces were unable to stop German troops.
By early June, the Germans had trapped hundreds of thousands of Allied soldiers at the French port of Dunkirk.
Dunkirk: Included were nearly all British and French soldiers. Allies ships and hundreds of civilian boats plucked nearly 340,000 troops from the coast and carried them to Great Britain. These rescued forces would prove vital to Great Britain's defenses.

13. German Forces Turn to the West
GR forces attacked FR through the Ardennes
June 22, 1940
FR surrenders
The unoccupied part of France was known as Vichy France.
France, however, was doomed. While Hitler’s troops were capturing the Netherlands and Belgium, more German soldiers were carrying out the surprise attack through the Ardennes. When they broke through the forest they easily overwhelmed the thin French line. The Maginot Line had simply been bypassed.
Having shattered France’s defensive plan, Hitler’s troops now raced toward Paris, the capital. BY the end of June, France had surrendered to Germany and Italy, which had joined the war earlier that month.
June 1940: Germany now occupied much of France. The rest was placed under control of French officials who cooperated w/ Hitler. This unoccupied territory became known as Vichy (VEE-shee) France.
Many French leaders, led by Charles de Gaulle, fled to Great Britain to organize resistance to German and Vichy control of France

15. Battle of Britain Hitler’s plan to defeat GB: (August 1940)
Destroy the RAF
RAF had radar
Bomb London
Goal : terrorize the public so they would lose the will to fight.
Now Great Britain stood alone against what appeared to be an unstoppable German war machine. The nation was now led by Winston Churchill who had a great gift for inspiring courage and confidence among the British people.
He refused to even consider trying to negotiate a peace agreement w/ Germany. Hitler prepared to invade Great Britain.
The first stage of the German plan was to destroy the British Royal Air Force.
RAF: British Royal Air force- for the 1st time Germany failed. Using radar, a new technology that used radio waves to detect approaching airplanes, the RAF inflicted heavy damage on German planes.
As the battle wore on the German air force, or Luftwaffe, began bombing London. The goal was to terrorize the public so that they would lose the will to fight. Though thousands of civilians died in the raids, Churchill helped keep the nation’s spirits up.
Americans followed the Battle of Britain through the thrilling radio reports Of Edward R. Murrow. He was an American reporter stationed in London.
By late 1940, the Battle of Britain was over. The British had stopped the Luftwaffe. Hitler was forced to call off the invasion.

16. Battle of Britain
Scanning Skies of London
Spitfire Plane

17. Increasing Tensions in East Asia
Japan invaded China’s northern region of Manchuria in 1931
Area was rich with iron and coal
July 7, 1937: Japan began a war against China
Nanking was China’s capital
Japan invaded Nanking in December 1937
U.S. –send aid to China
Japanese nationalists expanded their influence in the 1930s.
Japan increasingly viewed itself as a great imperial power. In 1934 it began expanding its naval forces. This violated promises made at the Washington Naval Conference in the early 1920s. In 1936 it signed an anticommunism pact w/ Germany that clearly linked Japan w/ Europe’s Fascist menace.
Then in 1937, Japan began a war w/ China: Attack was marked w/ great brutality. Ex: Japanese troops massacred an estimated 200,000 to 300,000 Chinese in the capture of Nanjing.
Then in 1940 Japan formed a military alliance w/ Germany and Italy. These 3 nations were known as Axis Powers.

18. Increasing Tensions in East Asia
September 27, 1940: Japan formed a military alliance w/ Germany/Italy.
Axis Powers
July 21,1941: Japan moved to take control of French Indochina.
U.S. places oil embargo on Japan
October 17, 1941: Tojo becomes prime minister of Japan
Hideki Tojo wouldn’t settle for any compromises
In 1941, with the agreement of the French Vichy government, moved to take control of French Indochina.
Takeover of Indochina: w/ the agreement of the French Vichy Government Japan took over French Indochina. This was a French colony in Southeast Asia that included the modern day countries of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. Japan’s takeover threatened British and American interest in the region. It signaled Japan’s intention to seek the oil and other resources of the Dutch East Indies (today known as Indonesia), the Philippines, and other pats of Southeast Asia.
Roosevelt took steps to punish Japan economically and to deny its access to vital oil supplies. This was a serious threat to Japan’s future plans.
Representatives of the 2 nations met to try and settle their growing differences. In Japan, a powerful groups led by Hidekl Tojo, pushed the government not to accept any compromise. Tojo was a strong nationalist and was wiling to go to war in order to build a Japanese empire. In October 1941 Tojo took control of Japan’s government.
American leaders has not realized it, but the time for compromise w/ Japan was over.

19. Indochina

20. 3-2-1 Start of World War II 3 countries Hitler invaded
2 countries that made up the Axis Powers
1 country Japan invaded

21. Exit Slip WRITE QUESTIONS
Why did Stalin sign the nonaggression pact with Hitler in 1939?
What was the blitzkrieg?
What was Germany planning during the sitzkrieg?
What is appeasement?
What was Vichy France?

22. Central Historical Question
What happened during the invasion of Nanking?

23. Morning Work October 10, 2014 Write questions What was the Anschluss?
What race did Hitler consider superior?
Morning work
Lecture: Europe Erupts in War
WWII in HD: Episode 1
3rd/4th Period
Agenda

24. Morning Work October 10, 2014 Write questions What is fascism?
How did the aftermath of WWI contribute to political problems in Europe?
Morning work
Lecture: Europe Erupts in War
WWII Timeline
1st Period
Agenda

25. Morning Work October 13, 2014 Write questions What is fascism?
How did the aftermath of WWI contribute to political problems in Europe?
Morning work
Lecture: Europe Erupts in War
WWII Timeline
3rd/4th Period
Agenda

26. Morning Work 10/25/2010 WRITE QUESTIONS
Why did Stalin sign a non-aggression pact with Germany?
When did Hitler invade Poland?
Morning Work
Lecture: Europe Erupts in War
Isolationist Cartoons
Brainstorm: Why America entered War?
Lecture: America Enters the War
Video: Tora, Tora, Tora: The Real Story of Peal Harbor