1. Human Resources Management
Unit 9 & 12

2. Learning Outcomes Unit 9: Unit 12:
Understand training & development in services industries businesses
Unit 12:
Understand company employment policy and standards

3. Assessment Criteria Unit 9: Unit 12:
AC 4.1 – Assess the contribution of training and development activities to the effective operation of a selected service industry business
Unit 12:
D2 – Design an audit system that would allow an HR manager to ensure that both legislation and company standards are being met

4. Unit 12
HR Audit System

5. What is a HR Audit?
A Human Resources Audit is a comprehensive method (or means) to review current human resources policies, procedures, documentation and systems to identify needs for improvement and enhancement of the HR function as well as to assess compliance with ever-changing rules and regulations.
(Hittinger, 2017)

6. How could an audit system assist the HR in an Aviation industry business?
How does compliance with legislation and company standards helps protect staff & customers?

7. What does an HR Audit covers?
Hiring and Onboarding
Benefits & Compensation
Performance evaluation process
Termination process and exit interviews
Job descriptions
Form review
Safety management system
Personnel file review
Training records

8. Sample HR Audit Checklist
Simple:
In-depth:

9. Training & Development
Unit 9
Training & Development

10. The quality of employees and their development through training and education are major factors in determining long-term profitability of a small business. If you hire and keep good employees, it is good policy to invest in the development of their skills, so they can increase their productivity.
Training often is considered for new employees only. This is a mistake because ongoing training for current employees helps them adjust to rapidly changing job requirements.

11. Training & Development (T&D)
The official and ongoing educational activities within an organization designed to enhance the fulfillment and performance of employees.  (BusinessDictionary.com, 2017)
Training and development describes the formal, ongoing efforts that are made within organizations to improve the performance and self-fulfillment of their employees through a variety of educational methods and programs.

12. Purpose of T&D
Reasons for emphasizing the growth and development of personnel include:
Creating a pool of readily available and adequate replacements for personnel who may leave or move up in the organization.
Enhancing the company's ability to adopt and use advances in technology because of a sufficiently knowledgeable staff.
Building a more efficient, effective and highly motivated team, which enhances the company's competitive position and improves employee morale.
Ensuring adequate human resources for expansion into new programs.
(Bizmove.com, 2017)

13. Benefits of T&D Increased productivity. Reduced employee turnover.
Increased efficiency resulting in financial gains.
Decreased need for supervision.

14. Barriers & Attitudes to Training
Attitude – we’ve always done it that way.
Can’t share information – knowledge is power.
No link to the mission, vision, and values.
Risky because they’re afraid to admit they don’t know.
Level of, or lack of, commitment.
Reluctant to train others because you might lose your job.
No perceived value.
Poorly qualified trainers – they do everything.
Why train and invest in short-term employees.
Time and staffing
Budgets
No management support

15. Types of Training Induction/Orientation Training Safety Training
Job training
Refreshers Training
Employee Development Training

16. Training Methods On-the-Job Off-the-Job Job rotation Cross-training
Coaching
Mentorship
Internship
Apprenticeship
Classroom/Lecture
Online
Conferences
Courses
Vestibule Training
Simulation Exercise
estibule Training is a term for near-the-job training, as it offers access to something new (learning). In vestibule training, the workers are trained in a prototype environment on specific jobs in a special part of the plant.
Simulation is any artificial environment exactly similar to the actual situation. There are four basic simulation techniques used for imparting training: management games, case study, role playing, and in-basket training.

17. Developing a Training Program

18. Training Needs Analysis
-Systematic approach to determine what training needs to take place:
Organisational goals and strategies
Use of appraisals
Self assessments
Interviews
Customer feedback
Tests

19. Kirkpatrick’s four level of evaluation
Level 4: Results
Level 3: Behaviour
Level 2: Learning
Level 1: Reaction
Level 1 – How did the participants feel about the training program?
Level 2 – To what extent did the participants improve knowledge and skills and change attitudes as a result of the training?
Level 3: To what extend did participants change their behaviour back in the workplace of the training?
Level 4 – What organisations benefits resulted from the training

20. Measuring effectiveness of Training
Skills attainment: Measure the learner’s level of knowledge or skill pre-learning and again post learning. Have the learner’s knowledge and skill to perform a task improved?
Workplace application: Is there evidence of the learner applying the newly learned skill or knowledge in the workplace.
Individual behaviour change: Have the learner’s behaviours in the workplace changed to reflect the corporate culture and goals.

21. Measuring effectiveness of Training
Team behavioural change: Is the team working more coherently, more effectively post learning.
Meeting goals or targets: Record the individual/team performance against goals or targets and measure again 3, 6 or 9 months post learning to monitor the impact of the learning.

23. References
Bizmove.com. (2017). Employee Training and Development Process In HRM | Training Methods for Employees. [online] Available at: [Accessed 20 Mar. 2017].
Hittinger, J. (2017). HR Audit - strategic HR, inc.. [online] strategic HR, inc. Available at: [Accessed 19 Mar. 2017].
Faa.gov. (2017). Safety Management System (SMS). [online] Available at: [Accessed 19 Mar. 2017].

24. References
Inc.com. (2017). Training and Development. [online] Available at: [Accessed 20 Mar. 2017].
BusinessDictionary.com. (2017). What is training and development? definition and meaning. [online] Available at: [Accessed 20 Mar. 2017].