1. Chemistry
Elements and Bonds

2. Chemistry of Life
All matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms
There are 109 types of atoms
A substance made-up of one kind of atom is called an element
An atom is the smallest part of an element that still has the properties of that element.

3. CHNOPS
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur aka CHNOPS make up 99% of organic matter

4. Molecules and Compounds
When two or more atoms bond, they form a molecule.
A compound is a substance made of 2 or more different elements

5. In Your Notes…
How is it that two atoms can make a molecule but not a compound?

6. Why do elements bond?
Elements bond(stick together) based on the number of their valence electrons (out ring of electrons)
Rule of 8
If the outer ring of electrons is not full with 8 total electrons, the atom will bond to complete it’s outer ring. (Hydrogen’s outer ring is full with 2)

7. Ionic Bonds
Formed when atoms lose or gain electrons (trade electrons) and become electrically positive or negative.
The resulting opposite charges a drawn to each other.

8. Covalent Bonds
Formed when atoms “share electrons”

9. Ionic Bond vs. Covalent Bond
Atoms gain or lose electrons.
Strong Bond Strength
Breaks apart in water
Atoms share electrons
Medium Bond Strength
Can single, double, or triple Bond
Attraction between 2 or more atoms
Caused by incomplete electron shells

10. A is for Atom
Answer the questions on a separate sheet (or ½ sheet) of paper.