1. THE Campaign „PRESCHOOL FOR ALL“
THE SURVEY ON THE IMPACT OF THE CAMPAIGN ON THE knowledge AND THE ATTITUDES TOWARDS PRESCHOOL EDUCATION
Montenegro, July 2016. 1
© 2015 Ipsos.

2. Contents A B C C.1 C.2 C.3 INTRODUCTION SUMMARY OF THE KEY FINDINGS
SURVEY OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY
SUMMARY OF THE KEY FINDINGS C
KEY FINDINGS
C.1
C.2
THE EFFECTS OF THE CAMPAIGN ON THE KNOWLEDGE AND THE ATTITUDES TOWARDS PRESCHOOL EDUCATION
C.3
AWARENESS OF THE CAMPAIGN PRESCHOOL FOR ALL AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE CAMPAIGN

3. A. introduction
Research objectives
Methodology

4. Research objectives
IN 2014, THE Unicef office in Montenegro and THE Montenegrin ministry of education started an initiative to stimulate the parents from northern municipalities of Montenegro to enroll their children in preschool education institutions – kindergartens. Within this initiative, in THE spring of 2015, the campaign “preschool for all” was realized in five northern municipalities: AndrijevicA, BeranE, Bijelo Polje, Plav And RožajE. AFTER THE GREAT SUCCESS OF THIS CAMPAIGN, DOCUMENTED BY THE STUDY ON THE CAMPAIGN EFFECTS CONDUCTED IN July ( THE unicef OFFICE HAS CONTINUED WITH THIS INITIATIVE IN THE NORTHERN MUNICIPALITIES OF MONTENEGRO. IN THE SPRING OF 2016, THE CAMPAIGN WAS CONDUCTED IN THE FOLLOWING MUNICIPALITIES: PLUŽINE, ŠAVNIK, ŽABLJAK, PLJEVLJA, KOLAŠIN AND MOJKOVAC
THE CONTINUED initiative to stimulate the parents from northern municipalities of Montenegro to enroll their children in the institutions of preschool education INCLUDES:
1) IN MARCH 2016, THE BASELINE SURVEY WAS CONDUCTED. The aim of the survey was to gain insight into parents’ knowledge, PRACTICES and attitudes towards preschool education and reasons why children age 3 to 5 years do not attend preschool institutions - kindergartens
2) IN JULY 2016, after THE implementation of THE campaign „preschool for all“, the evaluation SURVEY was conducted. The aim of the survey was to gain insight into THE effects of the campaign on THE knowledge about and THE attitudes towards preschool education of children age from 3 to 5 years

5. Methodology Baseline survey
In this survey quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection were used
QUANTITATIVE SURVEY
Target population: Parents of children aged from 3 to 5 years who are not enrolled in preschool institution living in municipalities in the north of Montenegro: Nikšić, Plužine, Šavnik, Žabljak, Pljevlja, Kolašin and Mojkovac
Type of sample and method of sample selection: Two-stage, stratified, combined sample
Size of sample: 480 households /respondents (270 in urban and 210 in rural areas)
Method of data collection: Face to face in respondent’s household with structured questionnaire
Period of data collection: 03 March to 08 April , 2016
QUALITATIVE SURVEY
The aim of the qualitative survey was twofold: Deeper understanding of practices and attitudes of parents towards preschool education and gaining insight into opinion of teachers about the possibilities for improvement of children’s coverage by preschool education
A total of 10 interviews were realised: 6 with parents (4 with parents of children who do not attend kindergarten and 2 with parents of children who attend kindergarten) and 4 with kindergarten and school teachers (2 with kindergarten teachers and 2 with school teachers)

6. Methodology SURVEY ON CAMPAIGN EFFECTS – EVALUATION SURVEY
QUANTITATIVE
Sample: Parents who participated in the baseline survey. Follow-up survey on the same sample of respondents makes possible direct comparison of relevant variables and reduces the errors of statistical inference coming from sampling error.
Size of sample / response rate: in evaluation survey a total of 444 parents participated, 92% of whom were the respondents from the baseline survey.
Size of sample in municipalities in which the campaign was realized (Plužine, Šavnik, Žabljak, Pljevlja, Kolašin and Mojkovac): 215
Size of sample in other municipalities : 229
Period of data collection : 02 till 24 July 2016
QUALITATIVE SURVEY
In order to gain a more detailed insight into experience and effects of the campaign, a total of 10 individual interviews were realized: 8 interviews with mothers who participated in the campaign with their children (4 mothers from Plužine - 2 from urban and 2 from rural areas; 2 mothers from Mojkovac - 1 from urban and 1 from rural areas; 1 mother from rural area of Šavnik and 1 mother from rural area of Pljevalja); 2 interviews with kindergarten teachers (one from kindergarten in Pljevlja and 1 from kindergarten in Plužine)

7. Methodology METHODOLOGICAL NOTES Assessment of campaign effects
When interpreting the results it should be kept in mind that this survey was realized in completely natural conditions. Because of this, the effects of the campaign are mixed with the effects of other circumstances in everyday life, which can not be controlled in such type of the survey.
Assessment of change of attitudes towards kindergartens: Changes in the attitude towards kindergarten were assessed on 10 items in questionnaire which directly express attitudes towards kindergartens, that is, which are most directly associated with messages of the campaign (Kindergarten offers child development programs which child can’t have at home; Children who attended a kindergarten have better knowledge; Children who attended a kindergarten are more prepared for school; Children who attended a kindergarten do better in a group/company of peers; It is better for a child age 3 to 5 to spend some time with his/her peers in a kindergarten every day; As encouragement of child development, it is good that also professionals-teachers, besides family members, are engaged; Although child can be infected by other children, this is not dangerous and it will just make him/her more resilient and healthier in the future; It is better for a child to attend kindergarten even if there is someone who can take care od him/her; Kindergartens are more stimulating for child development than home environment; Kindergarten is not only a place where children are watched over, but it also stimulates child development)

8. B. THE SUMMARY OF THE KEY FINDINGS

9. The summary of the key findings
Campaign „Preschool for all“ attracted great attention among parents of preschool age children this year as well: 61% of parents from municipalities in which the campaign was realized were aware of the campaign, while 28% of parents attended some event organized within the campaign.
Majority of the parents, 60%, liked the campaign very much, as well as the previous year, primarily because the children were not mere observers, but active participants of events organized within the campaign.
Almost all parents, 91%, evaluated the campaign as very useful for informing the parents and children of preschool age about the work of preschool institutions - kindergartens in Montenegro.
88% of parents admitted that they personally were interested in the campaign, and almost a half of them, 47%, claimed that they found out something new about preschool education.
Considerable percentage of the parents, 45%, knew that UNICEF (together with Ministry of Education) organized the campaign, and, similar to last year, the parents admitted that this strongly contributed to confidence in messages of the campaign, since UNICEF was recognized as a symbol of care about children.

10. Summary of key findings
Comparison of results prior to and after the campaign shows that, in municipalities where the campaign was realized, it caused positive change of parents’ attitudes towards kindergartens. Parents who were aware of the campaign expressed more positive attitudes towards kindergartens after the campaign than prior to campaign, while in case of parents who were not aware of the campaign there was no systematic change in attitudes towards kindergartens.
Majority of parents, 86%, evaluated that the campaign influenced people from their neighborhood in terms of making them consider seriously to enroll their children in kindergarten, while 23% claimed that the campaign stimulated them personally.
In municipalities in which the campaign was implemented, 53% of parents who were aware of the campaign started the procedure for enrolling their child in kindergarten, while among the parents who were not aware of the campaign only 18% started the procedure.
Majority of parents from rural areas in which the campaign was realized and they were aware of it, mention objective obstacles as the reason why they did not enroll their child in kindergarten (75%), primarily distance of the nearest kindergarten, while parents from urban areas mainly mention subjective reasons (61%)

11. c. KEY FINDINGS

12. C1. AWARENESS OF the CAMPAIGN AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE CAMPAIGN

13. IN MUNICIPALITIES WHERE THE CAMPAIGN WAS REALIZED more than 60% of the parents WERE AWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN, while in municipalities where the campaign was not realized 13% of parents were aware of it
Have you recently seen, heard, read about or attended any event or in any other way found out about campaign regarding kindergartens or preschool education of children in Montenegro?
Base: Total target population
TOTAL % OF PARENTS WHO ARE AWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN (REMEMBERED THE CAMPAIGN SPONTANEOUSLY OR WITH PROMPTING)
% OF PARENTS WHO REMEMBERED THE CAMPAIGN SPONTANEOUSLY – WITHOUT PROMPTING
(n=444)
(n=215)
(n=444)
(n=215)
(n=229)

14. IN MUNICIPALITIES WHERE THE CAMPAIGN WAS REALIZED, higher percentage of parents from urban than rural areas were aware of it, and higher percentage of parents from the group with higher education than with lower education
Base: Municipalities in which the campaign was realized
TOTAL % OF PARENTS WHO ARE AWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN (REMEMBERED THE CAMPAIGN SPONTANEOUSLY OR WITH PROMPTING) ) IN MUNICIPALITIES IN WHICH THE CAMPAIGN WAS REALIZED
(n=83)
(n=132)
(n=12)
(n=171)
(n=32)
Type of settlement

15. How did you find out about this campaign?
CONSIDERABLE PERCENTAGE OF PARENTS FROM MUNICIPALITIES WHERE THE CAMPAIGN WAS IMPLEMENTED WERE INFORMED ABOUT THE CAMPAIGN FROM media AND PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS, WHILE 28% OF PARENTS ATTENDED EVENTS (39% FROM URBAN AREAS, AND 22% FROM RURAL AREAS)
How did you find out about this campaign?
Base: Municipalities in which the campaign was realized
(n=215)
(n=83)
(n=132)

16. Do you know the name of this campaign?
GREAT MAJORITY OF PARENTS WHO SPONTANEOUSLY RECALLED THE CAMPAIGN IN MUNICIPALITIES WHERE THE CAMPAIGN WAS REALISED COULD SPECIFY THE EXACT NAME OF THE CAMPAIGN
Do you know the name of this campaign?
Base: Parents who spontaneously remembered the campaign, 49% in municipalities where the campaign was shown
PERCENTAGE OF PARENTS WHO COULD SPECIFY THE EXACT NAME OF THE CAMPAIGN (OF THOSE WHO SPONTANEOUSLY REMEMBERED THE CAMPAIGN IN MUNICIPALITIES WHERE IT WAS REALIZED

17. Majority of parents who spontaneously remembered the campaign were able to specify the aim of this campaign: 88% mentioned motivation for parents to enroll their children in kindergarten, and 21% put an accent on having the children acquainted with activities/work of kindergarten
As far as you understood it, what was the aim of this campaign, why was that campaign organized?
Base: Parents who spontaneously remembered the campaign, 49% in municipalities where the campaign was realized (n=105)
Multiple responses

18. „To develop people’s awareness about the advantage of
PARENTS WHO ATTENDED THE EVENTS WITHIN CAMPAIGN UNDERSTOOD THAT MESSAGE OF THE CAMPAIGN WAS TO STIMULATE THE PARENTS TO ENROLL THEIR CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN
„To develop people’s awareness about the advantage of
Kindergartens for children...they showed everything that is done in
kindergartens, how it functions...it was organized for grandparents as
well... My father is a pensioned, he took care about her, and that’s why
I will enroll her in kindergarten “
(MOTHER, urban area of Mojkovac)
„Whoever can, should send their children to kindergarten.
We could see what is being done in kindergarten. Everything shown
could stimulate people to enroll their children. Everything is dedicated
to children, the children joined in and that’s why I like this approach,
it’s better than when children only watch.“
(MOTHER, rural area of Plužine)

19. Who had organized this campaign?
45% OF PARENTS WHO RECALL THE CAMPAIGN SPONTANEOUSLY IN THE MUNICIPALITIES WHERE THE CAMPAIGN WAS CONDUCTED, KNEW THAT THE CAMPAIGN WAS organized BY unicef
Who had organized this campaign?
Base: the parents who recalled the campaign spontaneously, 49% in the municipalities with the conducted campaign
(n=105)

20. and that people trust them, because wherever UNICEF is mentioned,
KNOWLEDGE THAT Unicef HAS ORGANIZED THE CAMPAIGN CONSIDERABLY CONTRIBUTES TO PARENTS’ TRUST, BECAUSE unicef IS GENERALLY PERCEIVED AS AN ORGANIZATION WHICH CARES ABOUT CHILDREN
„UNICEF organized it. I saw their sign on files. I think that this is good
and that people trust them, because wherever UNICEF is mentioned,
It is always mentioned that they helped, and participated in helping
children“.
(MOTHER, rural area, Šavnik)
„It means a lot to me that UNICEF organized the campaign.
This attracted me. UNICEF is something humane. They do not have
any personal interest. UNICEF wants equity, they do not separate
anyone“.
(MOTHER, urban area, Plužine)

21. OUTDOOR KINDERGARTEN AND travelling THEATRE ARE BEST MEMORIZED CAMPAIGN EVENTS
Please specify anything that you recall from this campaign?
Base: Parents who have heard of the campaign, 61% in municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=131)

22. How did you like the campaign in general?
MAJORITY OF PARENTS LIKED THE CAMPAIGN VERY MUCH, both from urban and rural areas
How did you like the campaign in general?
Base: Parents who have heard of the campaign, 61% in municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=131)
(n=131)
(n=61)
(n=70)

23. „I was pleased most of all because children were socializing
Parents were most pleased because children were not just observers, but they were involved in activities, which made this campaign different from other children’s events
„I was pleased most of all because children were socializing
and they were allowed to be creative – they were creating, drawing
and coloring with felt pens on the square, socializing with ballerinas“.
(MOTHER, rural area, Šavnik)
„Because the children were included – they were writing, playing,
drawing... She (daughter) was delighted because there were many
children, because she was socializing. These days she was talking only
about that... They gave them T-shirts, invitations for kindergarten,
The child was drawing his/her visit to kindergarten, etc...“
(MOTHER, urban area, Mojkovac)

24. C2. THE EFFECTS OF THE CAMPAIGN

25. THE EFFECTS OF THE CAMPAIGN ON THE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT KINDERGARTENS

26. MOST PARENTS EVALUATED THE CAMPAIGN AS VERY USEFUL IN TERMS OF INFORMING PARENTS AND CHILDREN ABOUT ACTIVITIES OF PRESCHOOL INSTITUTIONS AND STATED THAT IT MADE THEM PERSONALLY INTERESTED at least to some extent
Base: Parents who are aware of the campaign, 61% in municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=131)
In your opinion how useful is this campaign to inform parents and children of preschool age about the work of preschool institutions – kindergartens in Montenegro?
How interested were you in general by this UNICEF’s campaign?

27. parents from both urban and rural areas evaluated the campaign as useful, and majority of them from both areas expressed interest in the campaign
Base: Parents who are aware of the campaign, 61% in municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=131)
In your opinion how useful is this campaign to inform parents and children of preschool age about the work of preschool institutions – kindergartens in Montenegro?
How interested were you in general in this UNICEF campaign?
(n=61)
(n=70)
(n=61)
(n=70)

28. „ I think that the campaign has been nice and explanatory for
THE CAMPAIGN HAS AROUSED GREAT INTEREST AND IT IS GENERALLY PERCEIVED AS NOT ONLY ENTERTAINING, BUT ALSO VERY USEFUL
„ I think that the campaign has been nice and explanatory for
both children and parents. They have seen how the children who attend
kindergarten address other people, that they have no constraints and that
they like to socialize. The children who don’t go to kindergarten, and their
parents too, joined in. This is especially important for the residents of rural
areas, they are a lot more reserved, they need to be opened up.
It was great to see what kindergartens have to offer“.
(KINDERGARTEN TEACHER, Plužine)
„There were promotional materials, recommendations that all children
should be enrolled, that all children are equal, no matter if they live in
urban or rural areas, if they are rich or poor, ...“
(MOTHER, rural, Šavnik)

29. A CONSIDERABLE PERCENTAGE OF PARENTS, 47%, HAVE FOUND OUT at least SOMETHING NEW from THE CAMPAIGN, IF NOT A LOT OF NEW INFORMATION ABOUT THE PRESCHOOL SYSTEM
Did you find out anything new from the campaign, that you didn’t think about before or didn’t know about preschool education?
Base: Parents who are aware of the campaign, 61% in municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=131)
(n=131)
(n=61)
(n=70)

30. THE OPPORTUNITIES AND BENEFITS PROVIDED BY KINDERGARTEN IS USUALLY MENTIONED AS THE NEW INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE CAMPAIGN
Which new things did you find out from this campaign?
Base: Parents who found out something new from the campaign (n=62)

31. THE CAMPAIGN INFLUENCE ON PARENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS PRESCHOOL - KINDERGARTENS

32. BEFORE THE CAMPAIGN, THE PARENTS AWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN USED TO HAVE LESS POSITIVE ATTITUDE TOWARDS KINDERGARTEN THAN THE PARENTS UNAWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN, BUT THEIR ATTITUDE BECAME MORE POSITIVE AFTER THE CAMPAIGN, WHILE THE ATTITUDEs OF THE PARENTS UNAWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN have not changed
Base: Municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=215)
AVERAGE OF NUMBERS OF AGREEMENT WITH TEN ITEMS IN THE QUESTIONNAIRE DESCRIBING POSITIVE ATTITUDES TOWARDS KINDERGARTEN IN THE PERIOD BEFORE (T1) AND AFTER (T2) THE CAMPAIGN (min=0, max=10)
F (awareness of the campaign x attitudes before and after the campaign) F= 5.18 , df=1,215 p= 0.04

33. AMONG THE PARENTS AWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN, THE PERCENTAGE OF AGREEMENT WITH 9 OR ALL ITEMS EXPRESSING POSITIVE ATTITUDE TOWARDS KINDERGARTEN HAS GROWN FOR 15%, WHILE IT STAYED THE SAME AMONG THE PARENTS UNAWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN
Base: Municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=215)
THE PERCENTAGES OF AGREEMENT WITH POSITIVE ATTITUDES TOWARDS KINDERGARTEN IN THE PERIOD BEFORE (T1) AND AFTER (T2) THE CAMPAIGN AMONG THE PARENTS AWARE AND UNAWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN

34. THE ATTITUDE TOWARDS KINDERGARTEN HAS BECOME MORE POSITIVE BOTH IN urban AND IN rural AREAS AMONG THE PARENTS AWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN
Base: The parents aware of the campaign in the municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=131)
THE PERCENTAGES OF AGREEMENT WITH POSITIVE ATTITUDES TOWARDS KINDERGARTEN IN THE PERIOD BEFORE (T1) AND AFTER (T2) THE CAMPAIGN AMONG THE PARENTS AWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN, URBAN AND RURAL

35. AS FOR THE PARENTS AWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN, THE PERCENTAGES OF AGREEMENT WITH THE ITEMS EXPRESSING POSITIVE ATTITUDES TOWARDS KINDERGARTEN HAVE GROWN ON MOST ITEMS
Base: the parents aware of the campaign in the municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=131)
THE PERCENTAGES OF AGREEMENT WITH POSITIVE ATTITUDES TOWARDS KINDERGARTEN IN THE PERIOD BEFORE (T1) AND AFTER (T2) THE CAMPAIGN AMONG THE PARENTS AWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN

36. THE PERCENTAGE OF AGREEMENT VARIES UNSYSTEMATICALLY COMPARED WITH THE PERIOD BEFORE THE CAMPAIGN AMONG THE PARENTS UNAWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN
Base: the parents unaware of the campaign in the municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=84)
THE PERCENTAGES OF AGREEMENT WITH POSITIVE ATTITUDES TOWARDS KINDERGARTEN IN THE PERIOD BEFORE (T1) AND AFTER (T2) THE CAMPAIGN AMONG THE PARENTS UNAWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN

37. THE CAMPAIGN INFLUENCE ON PARENTS’ MOTIVATION TO ENROLL CHILDREN IN PRESCHOOL AND ON ENROLMENT PRACTICES

38. MOST PARENTS, 86%, BELIEVE THAT THE CAMPAIGN HAS, AT LEAST SOMEWHAT IF NOT A LOT, INFLUENCED THE PEOPLE IN THEIR SURROUNDING TO SERIOUSLY CONSIDER ENROLLMENT OF THEIR CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN
In your opinion, to what extent has this UNICEF campaign influenced the people around you to seriously consider enrollment of children in preschool?
Base: the parents aware of the campaign in the municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=131)
(n=131)
(n=61)
(n=70)

39. THE INDIVIDUAL interviews WITH PARENTS AND KINDERGARTEN TEACHERS REVEAL THEIR BELIEF THAT THE CAMPAIGN HAs INFLUENCED PEOPLE TO CHANGE THEIR ATTITUDEs TOWARDS KINDERGARTEN ENROLLMENT
„I think that the campaign has had influence. Some parents had thought
that kindergarten was there for babysitting only, but when they saw all
the things done there, they wanted to enroll their children as well“.
(MOTHER, urban, Pljevlja)
„I think that the campaign has had influence. I can see it by the
questions asked by the parents. Parents can see that their children are
enthusiastic about it, that they participate in activities,
that they socialize. It must influence them“.
(KINDERGARTEN TEACHER, Plužine)

40. THE PARENTS WHO LIVE IN RURAL AREAS HAVE BEEN MORE LIKELY TO CHANGE THEIR ATTITUDE TOWARDS KINDERGARTEN ENROLLMENT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE CAMPAIGN (11%), THAN THE PARENTS WHO LIVE IN URBAN AREAS (3%)
Did this campaign influence you personally to change some attitudes when it comes to enrollment of children in preschool?
Base: the parents aware of the campaign in the municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=131)
(n=131)
(n=61)
(n=70)

41. HOWEVER, THE PERCENTAGE OF PARENTS (23%) STIMULATED BY THE CAMPAIGN TO ENROLL THEIR CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN IS CONSIDERABLY HIGHER THAN THE PERCENTAGE OF PARENTS WHO CHANGED THEIR ATTITUDE TOWARDS ENROLLMENT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE CAMPAIGN
Did this campaign motivate you to enroll your child in kindergarten?
Base: the parents aware of the campaign in the municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=131)
(n=131)
(n=61)
(n=70)

42. MORE THAN HALF OF PARENTS STIMULATED BY THE CAMPAIGN HAVE ALREADY ENROLLED THEIR CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN, OR AT LEAST HAVE STARTED THE PROCEDURE
Stimulated by the campaign, what have you done in regard to kindergarten enrollment of your child?
Base: the parents stimulated by the campaign to enroll their children in kindergarten in the municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=30)
(n=30)
(n=14)
(n=16)

43. IRRESPECTIVE OF BEING STIMULATED BY THE CAMPAIGN OR NOT, THE PARENTS AWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN WERE A LOT MORE LIKELY TO START THE ENROLLMENT PROCEDURE THAN THE PARENTS UNAWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN
Base: the municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=215)
In March, when we talked for the first time, your child was not attending kindergarten. Did you take any steps regarding this issue in the meantime?

44. THE RESIDENTS OF URBAN AREAS who have heard of the campaign WERE MORE LIKELY TO START THE ENROLLMENT PROCEDURE THAN THE RESIDENTS OF RURAL AREAS
Base: Parents who still haven’t started the enrollment procedure in the municipalities in which the campaign was realized (n=131)
In March, when we talked for the first time, your child was not attending kindergarten. Did you take any steps regarding this issue in the meantime?

45. MOST PARENTS, 75%, FROM rural AREAS WHO STILL HAVEN’T ENROLLED THEIR CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN POINT OUT objective BARRIERS, WHILE MOST PARENTS WHO LIVE IN URBAN AREAS SPECIFY PERSONAL REASONS
What is the main reason why your child doesn’t attend kindergarten?
Base: Parents who still haven’t started the enrollment procedure, in the municipalities in which the campaign was conducted, and who are aware of the campaign
(n=62)
(n=18)
(n=44)

46. THE objective circumstances, as the main REASONS WHY RESIDENTS OF rural NORTHERN AREAS DO NOT ENROLL THEIR CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN, were stressed in the individual interviews as well .
„I don’t think that the attitude is the problem. Parents’ attitude
towards kindergarten is not that negative. The unemployed parents
cannot afford to enroll their children in kindergarten. And there are no
kindergartens in the vicinity, at least here in Plužine.
So it’s more about finance and distance“.
(KINDERGARTEN TEACHER, Plužine)
“The transportation, finance, there is no connection with
Šavnik, it’s expensive to pay for it every day” (MOTHER, rural, Šavnik)
„We can’t afford it, bad weather, you have seen the canyon ...
There is so much snow sometimes that we can’t walk through
there for 15 days“
(MOTHER, rural, Plužine)