1. Writing as the Center of English Learning
When Added by
Digital Text-Readers
Dennis Yin Hsin Lin

2. General Observations Most students don’t read aloud.
They don’t spend much time on listening materials.
They don’t write/speak in English unless they are asked to.

3. Writing Class Observations
Most students are not interested in English Writing.
They think in/with Chinese before they write.
They don’t speak to themselves when they write.

4. Speech Class Observations
Most students tend to write before they speak.
They think in/with Chinese before they write.