1. Bellringer: 10/24 and 10/25 1. Pick up the papers by the door.
2. Update your ToC:
Page 35: Notes: Chinese Philosophies
Page 36: Unit 2 Study Guide
3. Write down your HW:
Read pages in your DUIKER textbook and take notes
Begin reviewing your study guide (your test is on 11/1 for 1st/2nd and 11/2 for 6th)

2. Agenda: 10/24 and 10/25 1. Bellringer
2. Reading Check: Duiker pgs
3. Notes: Three Chinese Philosophies
4. Exit Ticket: Hinduism vs. Buddhism Comparison Review
5. Pass Out Study Guide

3. What is “philosophy”? With a neighbor, discuss these questions:
What does the word “philosophy” mean?
What is the point of having a philosophy? Why is it important?

4. What is “philosophy”? “Philosophy” comes from Greek roots:
philo = love and sophia = wisdom
The study of truths or principles
A system of beliefs to guide everyday life

5. Three Chinese Philosophies

6. How do these philosophies come to prominence in China?
When?
The late Zhou dynasty and during the Warring States period
Why?
Great power struggles between states (kingdoms) create instability
Rulers searched for best way to govern to restore peace and stability to China
These 3 philosophies = try to solve this desire to restore peace and stability

8. Chinese Philosophies Stations
1. You will spend ~10-15 minutes at each station. At each station, you will work on the assigned Chinese philosophy reading and fill in the chart accordingly.
2. At the 4th station, you will find your Unit 2 Study Guide. Here, begin “stoplighting” your Study Guide in preparation for your test.
3. At the study guide station, add the following terms:
Zoroastrianism, imperial bureaucracy, Cyrus the Great, Cambyses, Darius, Royal Road

9. Relationship with others:
Confucianism
Founder:
Confucius (Kong Fuzi)
Arrived in China…
During the Period of Warring Years
Basic outlook on life:
People are basically good at heart
Relationships will create order, so strong rules aren’t necessary (disagreement with Legalism here)
Goal(s):
Create a just and peaceful society
Maintain relationships and responsibilities in society
Perform your Dao (duty) = creates harmony and peace in society
Relationship with others:
Life is centered around relationships
Relationships are central to a functional society
Symbol:
Founder: Kongfuzi, also called Confucius
Arrived during: Period of Warring Years
Goal: Just and peaceful society
Belief:
Society is based on relationships.
When people act properly in their relationships, society thrives
Respect and obey those above you, set good example for those below you
Wisdom in word and action is more important than wealth

10. Relationship with others:
Daoism
Founder:
Lao Zi (Lao Tzu) – same person, different names
Arrived in China…
During the Period of Warring Years
Basic outlook on life:
Focus on the individual
Maintain the balance of nature – keep all forces in balance with each other
Life is a duality (good vs. evil, light vs. dark, etc.)
Goal(s):
Understand your role and your relationship to nature
Create harmony with nature by living in guidance with nature, acting spontaneously
Relationship with others:
Daoism is about the individual, not relationships
Care more about the relationship between a person and nature, not between different people
Symbol:
Founder: Laozi, a Zhou court advisor
Goal: Create harmony by finding natural balance
Belief:
The Dao, or “Way” is a force that gives order to the universe
Nature is full of opposites, represented by yin and yang (i.e. light & dark, life & death)
Avoid feeling self-important or trying to achieve wealth and fame—it is not natural
Laws and rules prevent natural harmony, so a ruler should rule as little as possible

11. Relationship with others:
Legalism
Founder:
Han Fei-tzu
Arrived in China…
During the Period of Warring Years
Basic outlook on life:
People are inherently bad and will make bad decisions
Strict laws and harsh punishments are necessary to curb this natural proclivity towards bad behavior
People cannot be trusted
Goal(s):
Create peace and order through strict laws and punishments
Keep people from disrupting or harming the government
Relationship with others:
Personal relationships NOT important in Legalism
Symbol:
Founder: Hanfeizi, a prince from Han state
Goal: create peace and order through strict laws
Belief:
People are selfish and cannot be trusted, even family members
Rulers should use strict laws and absolute power to create order
Reward good behavior, but punish bad behavior severely