1. Organization of Programming Languages
Meeting 24
March 14, 2016

2. Functional Programming Language
Four components
Objects
Primitive functions
Functional forms
Function definition mechanism

3. Objects Things called atoms Objects, the formal definition Numbers
Strings
Objects, the formal definition
Atoms
Lists of objects
Written surrounded by ( ) with spaces separating entries, so (A B C), ((1 2) (3) ((4) 5)))
Or surrounded by [ ] with commas as separators

4. Objects (2) Fundamental principles of functional programming
Everything is an object
This means everything: data, programs, subprograms, etc.

5. Functions Functions Map objects to objects
Entire, defined for all possible objects
Partial, defined on a subset of objects
Lists of numbers
Atoms
etc

6. Fundamental Principles
Fundamental principles of functional programming
Everything is an object
This means everything: data, programs, subprograms, etc.
Programs are functions
This means that every program is a single function that takes some input values (objects) and returns single value (an object)

7. Specifying Semantics Use Backus’ FP notation Written on a single line
Yes, the same guy, but a different notation.
Written on a single line
Interpreted as a case statement

8. Notation Symbols : apply the function to the argument is defined as
−> if – then
; else

9. Primitives
first
last
head
tail
atom?
nil?
list?

10. Lisp Download LispWorks Personal Edition version 6.1.1
Start the system
Prompt should be CL-USER 1 >
Try some commands, like
(car ‘(1 2 3))
(cdr ‘(1 2 3))
(car ‘((A (B))))
Try to explain any errors that you get