1. How to integrate grammar?
Lecture 8

2. In this lecture… The PPP model The TTT model
My favorite grammar activity
Ideas for integrating grammar
Another grammar activity I like
Presents 

3. Models for integrating grammar
The PPP model
In the beginning there was GRAMMAR… (it was the entire language lesson)
explanation + exercises (there was accuracy but no fluency)
A third element was added to increase fluency
presentation
practice
presentation
practice
production

4. The PPP model – advantages
It is present in most course books
It makes sense to teachers and learners
It is how other things are learned (cooking, driving, flying, etc.)
Teacher controls the lesson’s content and pace (classroom life can be unpredictable and this helps)

5. The PPP model – disadvantages
Language is not learned ‘one bit at a time’
Teachers cannot decide what their students will learn next in this case
Language acquisition is not linear
PPP assumes that accuracy precedes fluency
Accuracy is usually acquired later, it is the fine-tuning of a system which is already up-and-running (Ss can express themselves successfully without being accurate)

6. The TTT model PPP goes from fluency to accuracy
TTT is reverse: accuracy to fluency
Learners try to express themselves with what they know, then they are given instructions how to do this better (e.g. explicit grammar instructions) and through trial, error and feedback they achieve accuracy.
task
teach

7. The TTT model
How are things organized then? Can we plan what it is we have to teach?
The syllabus is organized around the task
The PPP syllabus: Past Simple Tense, countable and uncountable nouns;
The TTT syllabus: telling a story, at the grocer’s, etc.
Drawbacks of TTT: which tasks to include, how to organize them?

8. face2face Intermediate Student’s Book, Cambridge
The solution is combining PPP and TTT
face2face
Intermediate Student’s Book, Cambridge

9. My favorite grammar activity
Observe what it being done and comment on the activity after it is finished.

10. Task 1 Devise a TPR activity for teaching one of the following:
Verbs that take objects;
Prepositions of place;
Possessive adjectives.

11. Task 2 What realia might you use to teach Some and any;
Comparison of adjectives;
Possessive adjectives.

12. Task 3
Where might you find authentic texts (materials) featuring the following grammar forms?
Past simple
Reported speech
Imperatives
Present simple with future reference

13. Another grammar activity I like
Observe what it being done and comment on the activity after it is finished.

14. Presents 
Happy holidays!