1. Basic Geography

2. What is geography?
Geography: the study of Earth’s surface and the processes that shape it, the connections between places, and the relationships between people and their environment
We will be looking at the basics

3. The Continents Seven Continents: North America South America Europe
Asia
Australia
Africa
Antarctica

4. The Seven Continents

5. The Oceans 5 Oceans Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean
Arctic Ocean
The Southern Ocean - new

6. The Oceans

7. Map

8. Five Elements on a Map
Title
Compass rose
Legend (key)
Scale
Inset map

9. Compass Rose
A directional arrow that shows cardinal and sometimes intermediate directions on a map.

10. Legend (key)
A list that explains the symbols on a map

11. Map Scale
A graphic that compares the distance on a map to the actual distance it represents

12. Inset Map
A smaller map set within the border of a larger one.

14. The Hemispheres Northern Southern Eastern Western
Equator: line of latitude that separates the Northern and Southern hemispheres
Prime Meridian: line of longitude that separates the Eastern and Western hemispheres

15. The Hemispheres

16. Lines of Latitude
Latitude is a way to measure the distance north or south of the Earth’s Equator.
Divides the earth into north and south
The lines of latitude are parallel to the Equator.
Equally Spaced
Run east and west
The Equator is at 0 degrees latitude (0°).
The North Pole is at 90 degrees north (90°N).
The South Pole is at 90 degrees south (90°S).
Lines of latitude can be called "parallels." as in "the 45th Parallel."

17. Lines of Latitude

18. Lines of Longitude
Longitude is a way to measure the east-west distance on Earth.
Are not parallel- they meet at the North and
South Poles.
Run north and south
It is measured from zero longitude, also called the Prime Meridian. The Prime Meridian passes through the North Pole, the South Pole, and Greenwich, England.
The other longitude lines are measured as being either east (E) or west (W) of the Prime Meridian.
Lines of longitude can be called "meridians."

19. Lines of Longitude

20. Types of Maps

21. Types of Maps Physical- focuses on political divisions
Political- focuses on the geography
Topographic- focuses on the topography
Climate- focuses on the weather patterns
Economic/resource- focuses on natural resources
Road Map- focuses on the roads and highways
Thematic Map- can be on any given subject

22. Identify Map Types
Political Map

23. Identify Map Types
Physical Map

24. Identify Map Types
Topographical Map

25. Identify Map Types
Natural Resources

26. Identify Map Types
Climate Map

27. Identify Map Types
Road Map

28. Identify Map Types
Thematic Map

29. Projections

30. Mercator Projection
Definition: A projection that shows the accurate location of continents and oceans. However, the land and water areas are greatly distorted towards the North and South Poles.

31. Robinson projection
Definition: An oval-shaped projections. The continents are shown accurately, but the water areas are expanded to fill the extra space. Created by the American cartographer Arthur Robinson.

32. Comparison