1. Manifest Destiny Texas Moses & Stephen Austin John L. O’Sullivan
Westward expansion
Texas
Mexico gained independence from Spain
Wanted to lessen influence of Natives
Welcomed U.S. citizens into territory
Empresarios
Moses & Stephen Austin
Recruited many settlers
Mostly protestant cotton farmers (problem w/ Mexico?)

2. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
The Texas Revolution
More immigrants moving into Texas
Many without permission
30,000 U.S. settlers by 1835
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
Elected President of Mexico
Took dictatorial control
Stephen Austin jailed !!!
Texans Revolt!!
Alamo
San Antonio
Spanish Mission/fort

3. (Still Alamo) William Travis Jim Bowie Davie Crockett Goliad
Large Mexican force arrives to retain control
189 Texans defend Alamo against attack
William Travis
Jim Bowie
Davie Crockett
March 6, 1836 – Mexicans attack
Every defender killed
600 Mexicans dead
Goliad
* 400 Texans surrendered & were then executed!!

4. San Jacinto Sam Houston Annexation of Texas? 21 April 1836
900 Texans attack Santa Anna’s Army
Battle lasts only minutes
Over 600 Mexicans killed
“REMEMBER THE ALAMO!”
Santa Anna captured & forced to sign Texas over
Annexation of Texas?

5. The Republic of Texas Juan Seguin
Sam Houston elected President of Texas
– Lone Star Republic
Northern opposition to annex another slave state
Texas attempts to increase population
Texas has its problems
Continue discrimination against Tejanos
National debts
Conflict with Mexico
Juan Seguin

6. Polk elected President !!
The Election of 1844
Henry Clay
Whig, Kentucky (Great Compromiser)
Did not mention annexation
   
   
   
James K. Polk
Democrat, Tennessee (Dark Horse)
Favored expansion/annexation
Polk elected President !!

7. The Mexican War Causes: Zachary Taylor John Slidell
Polk wants to annex Texas
Mexico still believes Texas is their own
1845 Texas admitted in the U.S.
Border dispute continues (Rio Grande or Nueces River?)
Zachary Taylor
- Sent to disputed area
John Slidell
Sent to Mexico city
Attempt to settle dispute & get more land!
Not a chance
U.S. picks a fight!
Taylor moves deeper into territory & is attacked
“Mexico … shed American blood on American soil”

8. The Bear Flag Revolt Opposition to the War The Fighting Begins
John C. Fremont
U.S. secretly involved
California independent from Mexico
Opposition to the War
Abraham Lincoln challenges President Polk
Frederick Douglass opposes war
Many other Northerners & abolitionists oppose war
“Mr. Polk’s War”
The Fighting Begins
Stephen Kearny
Captured Santa Fe
U.S. control over New Mexico

9. Zachary Taylor Winfield Scott “Old Rough & Ready” Battle of Palo Alto
Advances into Mexico
Battle of Buena Vista
5,000 U.S. vs. 15,000 Mexican
Santa Anna withdraws… many casualties on both sides
Winfield Scott
“Old Fuss & Feathers”
Amphibious assault into Mexico
Battle of Veracruz
Advances further into Mexico
Cuts off communication!
Battle of Cerro Gordo
Battle of Puebla de Zaragoza
Battle of Chapultepec (Mexico City)

10. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
End of the Mexican War
Mexican Cession of American Southwest
$15 Million for land + pay all claims of settlers
Gadsden Purchase
1853 purchase of land from Mexico
$10 Million for land south of Gila River