1. JFK, LBJ, and the Vietnam Era
Essential Question: How did the policies of Presidents Kennedy and Johnson affect the nation?

2. PART 1

3. 1960 Election Kennedy (D) Vs. Nixon (R)
The first televised debate gave Kennedy the advantage

4. The Peace Corps
Kennedy’s believed that prosperity combined with democracy would stop the spread of communism.
American volunteers providing technical, educational, and health services.

5. Bay of Pigs Invasion
1961: Failed attempt by the CIA to overthrow Fidel Castro
Strengthened Castro’s position in Cuba

6. The Berlin Wall
Soviets demanded American exit from Berlin and Kennedy refused.
Wall built by U.S.S.R symbolized the division between the democratic West and the Communist East

7. Cuban Missile Crisis Sept. 1962:
Soviet nuclear missiles located in Cuba
President Kennedy ordered a Naval blockade
Came very close to direct conflict
Hotline created

8. Kennedy’s New Frontier
Kennedy’s proposal to improve the economy, education, healthcare , and civil rights.
Goal: Equality for all Americans
Space program

9. Kennedy’s Foreign Policy

10. The Space Race
Competition between the two superpowers encouraged spending on space programs and space missions

11. Kennedy’s Assassination
Nov 22, 1963
Dallas, Texas
Lee Harvey Oswald
VP Johnson Takes over
Warren Commision concludes that he acted alone

12. Johnson’s Great Society
Plan to bring an end poverty and racial injustice.
Improved the lives of many underprivileged Americans
Education Programs (Headstart)
Medicare
Medicaid
Environment
Immigration

13. Immigration Act of 1965
Eliminated immigration policy based on national origin quotas
Led to a dramatic increase in immigration to the U.S.

14. Miranda Vs. Arizona (1966)
Forces the police to inform people of their rights at the time of their arrest.

15. Gulf of Tonkin (1964) U.S.S Maddox fired upon (not hit).
Congress gave the President the power “to take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the U.S. and to prevent further aggression”
Leads to increase in the number of American troops in Vietnam

16. The Tet Offensive
Jan 1968: Major strategic blow to the U.S. in Vietnam
Showed that a quick end to war would not be possible

17. Selective Service (1948) All men have to register when they turn 18
1.5 Million drafted during Vietnam
College students were exempt
Most sent to war were from poor/working class backgrounds

18. 1968 Election Johnson does not seek second term
Robert Kennedy Assassinated
Protests at Democratic Convention
Nixon wins

19. My Lai Massacre (1968)
American troops committed a slaughter of a village of civilians
killed
Images published turned more against the war

20. Free Speech/Anti-War Movement
Berkley(1965): Students for a democratic Society and the Free Speech movement protested for the right of college students to stage a political protest on campus
Kent state Massacre (1970)
4 protestors killed

21. Nixon’s Vietnamization
Plan to build up South Vietnamese forces to replace American troops

22. STOP HERE!!!

23. PART 2

24. Detente
Flexible diplomacy adopted by Nixon that sought to ease tensions between the U.S. , the U.S.S.R, and China

25. The War Powers Act of 1973
Passed in response to concern regarding Nixon and Johnson taking too much military authority from Congress

26. The Women’s Movement “The Feminine Mystique” by Betty Friedan
Brought to light the lack of opportunity and fulfillment for housewives
NOW: National Organization of Women

27. Roe Vs. Wade
1973: Upheld a woman’s right to an abortion.

28. United Farm Workers
Brought to light the issues facing Hispanic Americans and migrant workers
Influenced by the Civil Rights movement
Led by Caesar Chavez

29. The Environmental Protection Act (1970)
Created to protect the environmental resources of the United States

30. SALT I
1972 treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union that froze the deployment of intercontinental ballistic missiles and placed limits on antiballistic missiles

31. Watergate Scandal
1974
Political scandal involving an illegal break in of the Watergate hotel that ultimately led to the resignation of President Nixon

32. Camp David Accords
President Jimmy Carter brings Egypt and Israel together for a Peace agreement over the Sinai Peninsula

33. Iran Hostage Crisis
After the Ayatollah Khomeini took control of Iran, he encouraged violence which led to more than 60 American diplomats being held hostage for 444 days.