1. Pseudomembranous Colitis: Causes and Cures
Digestion 1999;60:91– DOI: /
Fig. 1. PMC, creamy white plaques coat the mucosa. This is a typical endoscopic appearance of PMC. Reprinted with permission from Surawicz and Owen Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Infections (Philadelphia, Saunders, 1994).
© 1999 S. Karger AG, Basel

2. Pseudomembranous Colitis: Causes and Cures
Digestion 1999;60:91– DOI: /
Fig. 2a, b. Low-power view of a colonic mucosal biopsy of PMC shows a large pseudomembrane emanating from the surface mucosa. A higher-power view shows that the pseudomembrane consists of fibrin, polyps and debris. The higher-power view shows two points of attachment of the pseudomembrane to the surface of the mucosa. The colonic mucosa itself is relatively uninflamed.
© 1999 S. Karger AG, Basel

3. Pseudomembranous Colitis: Causes and Cures
Digestion 1999;60:91– DOI: /
Fig. 3. Photomicrograph of the yeast S. boulardii reprinted with permission of Professor Bastide.
© 1999 S. Karger AG, Basel