2. Post-Crusade Devastation in East & West:
Turkish Moslems attacking Byzantine Empire
Rise of nationalism & conflict with papacy in West
Hundred Years’ War
The Black Death
“As never before, not even during the century of the Roman Empire’s collapse, Western people walked through the valley of the shadow of death.” - S.E. Ozmont
“The whole medieval theory of supreme papal authority failed and foundered on new nationalist realities.” - A. Papadakis

3. Post-Crusade Devastation in East & West:
Lebanese Maronites unified under the Latin Patriarch of Antioch, becoming the first Uniates.
Egyptians gave up their Coptic language in favor of Arabic.
Albania, Armenia and Azerbaijan became Muslim.
Georgia remained a Christian stronghold, establishing the great monastery of Iveron on Mount Athos.

4. 1208 - Eastern Patriarchate moved from Constantinople to Nicea
th Lateran Council & purgatory
Thomas Aquinas & indulgences
Patriarchate of Kiev
1250’s - Scholasticism
Nicean forces retake Constantinople; Paleologan dynasty
Clement IV: I can appoint anyone anywhere
Council of Lyons: Eastern Emperor grovels
Pope Martin IV: Unify the East by force
Palestine lost to Moslems for good
Pope Boniface III: God and I are one; Philip: How’d ya like to ride a horse?
Philip: Kill the Templars!; Clement V: Let’s move

5. 1337 - Hundred Years’ War between French & English
The Black Death (Bubonic Plague)
Barlaam: Stop that navel watching!
Saint Gregory Palamas, :Enlightenment can be achieved by bringing the mind into the heart.”
Church to Barlaam: You’re out!
Another Eastern Emperor grovels
Two popes and a schism in the West
Pope John 23rd: Attack my enemy and I’ll forgive your sins; John Hus: You’ve got to be kidding!
Council of Pisa: Now there are three popes
King at Council of Constance: Hus, you’re out. I lied. Then there was one pope.

6. 1439 - Council of Florence: Bad times make for … bad decisions
And now… the Eastern Empire is … Constantinople
Mohammad II takes Constantinople
It’s not over; now the Spanish Inquisition