1. Services Use (Level 1) Thanks for inviting me and for coming today!
[…who am I? what is my role?]
The project is a collaboration of the United National Statistics Division, United Nations Environment Programme, the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity
It is funded by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

2. Overview Learning objectives Review of Level 0 (5m)
Level 1 (Compilers)
Concepts (15m)
Group exercise and discussion (30m)
Closing discussion (10m)
SEEA-EEA: Services use

3. Level 1: Account 7: Services Use
Learning objectives
Level 1:
Understand the basic concepts of measuring services use
Learn the steps of compiling a Services Use
Level 2
Understand the data options and sources
Understand the important conceptual issues
Be aware of how other countries have approached measuring Services Use
Note: This presentation contains only Level 1
SEEA-EEA: Services use

4. Review of Level 0: Services Use
SEEA-EEA: Services use

5. Account 7: Services Use
The Ecosystem Services Use Account records the users (beneficiaries) of ecosystem services in physical and monetary units.
We can use Valuation Techniques to estimate the monetary values of the physical services.
SEEA-EEA: Services use

6. Level 0: Account 7: Services Use
What?
Physical and monetary flows from ecosystems to beneficiaries
Why?
Social, economic and environmental policies:
Who benefits from ecosystem services?
Who is dependent on ecosystem services?
Link to consumption accounts in SNA (Augmented I-O…)
Link to other SEEA-EEA accounts (Services Supply)
Indicators:
Dependence on ecosystem services  where and whom
Public goods from private ecosystems
Now, we need to track the flows of Ecosystem Services to the beneficiaries (the people, businesses and governments) that use them.
SEEA-EEA: Services use

7. Level 0: Account 7: Services Use
What does a Services Use Account look like?
Services Supply Account
Tables
Allocation
Valuation
Monetary Services Use
The Ecosystem Services Use Accounts allocate the Ecosystem Services Supply Account to beneficiaries.
Note that the beneficiaries can be local, national or global. For example, everyone in the world benefits from carbon sequestration.
Ideally, the Services Supply Account and Services Use Accounts would balance. The Accounting Principle is that Supply = Use
SEEA-EEA: Services use

8. Level 0: Account 7: Services Use
What does a Services Use Account look like?
Aggregate tables of use of ecosystem services by:
Beneficiary and
Ecosystem type
Physical measures
Valuation where appropriate and available
 Monetary Services Use
We don’t recommend trying to create a spatially-detailed Services Use Account. Beneficiaries may be local, national or global. It would be a challenge to figure out exactly where they are.
SEEA-EEA: Services use

9. Level 0: Account 7: Services Use
What do you need to compile a Services Use Account?
Services Supply Account
Data:
Beneficiaries of ecosystem services by:
service
type of beneficiary and
type of asset
Expertise: Ecosystem accounting
Discussion? E.g., what are the priorities, opportunities and constraints in your country to compiling a Services Use Account?
SEEA-EEA: Services use

10. Level 1: Services Use
SEEA-EEA: Services use

11. Level 1: Account 7: Services Use
Services Use in the SEEA-EEA
Supply = Use
Some important concepts:
What is a beneficiary?
Allocating services to beneficiaries
SEEA-EEA: Services use

12. Level 1: Account 7: Services Use
Services Use in the SEEA-EEA
Note: EAU is now RU (Reporting Unit)
Total Supply = Total Use
SEEA-EEA: Services use

13. Level 1: Account 7: Services Use
Services Use in the SหEEA-EEA
Total Supply = Total Use
Supply and Use may not balance within one RU
Beneficiaries may live in other RUs
For example, other countries benefit from carbon sequestration
SEEA-EEA: Services use

14. Level 1: Account 7: Services Use
Some important concepts:
What is a beneficiary?
Beneficiaries may be types of economic units:
Enterprises, Households, Government, Rest of the World
May add more detail, such as industry sector:
Agriculture, Manufacturing, Services…
Allocating services to beneficiaries
Requires assumptions about:
Ownership and management of EUs (within RU)
Downstream effects (e.g., benefits in lower catchment of flood protection by forest in upper catchment)
Supply chain (e.g., who purchases biomass?)
Economic production function (proportion of ecosystem services embedded in products)
SEEA-EEA: Services use

15. Level 1: Account 7: Services Use
Compilation Group Exercise (30m)
Situation:
Have Services Supply Account (calculated in Services Supply exercise)
Have Beneficiary Allocation Table (based on a survey)
Objective (Groups of 3-5):
Calculate services used by each beneficiary type
Report your results
SEEA-EEA: Services use

16. Level 1: Account 7: Services Use
Group Exercise: Step 1 – Allocate Service Supply to Beneficiaries
Services Supply Account
Beneficiary Allocation Table
Allocate only the totals from the Services Supply Account to each beneficiary type.
Note the Beneficiary Allocation Table is in percent. This needs to be divided by 100 to calculate a proportion.
Record the total use for each service for each beneficiary type in the Services Use Account.
e.g., 36,764 tonnes crop * 30%/100 (households) = 10,939 tonnes
SEEA-EEA: Services use

17. Level 1: Account 7: Services Use
Is everyone clear on the objectives
15 minutes group work
Please ask questions!
Results:
Each group report:
Use of each service by households
Who benefits most from each service?
Discuss why
SEEA-EEA: Services use

18. Level 1: Account 7: Services Use
The answers
Households use
10,939 tonnes of crop
9,227 trips for recreation
7,806 m3 of water
7,619 tonnes of carbon sequestration
Main beneficiaries
Crop = Enterprises
Recreation = Households
Water = Government
Carbon = Rest of the world
Bonus question: What is the maximum value the Shannon Index can take with three species? (=ln(3) = 1.1)
Is this a problem? i.e., can we compare areas with 10 species recorded with those that have 100 species recorded? There are other indices that take this into account, but it works for most applications.
SEEA-EEA: Services use

19. Level 1: Account 7: Services Use
Take home points:
The Services Use Account:
Is an essential link between ecosystem accounts and standard economic accounts
Is not spatially detailed, since beneficiaries may live far from the EU that generates the service
Requires assumptions to allocate the Supply of services to types of beneficiaries
Discussion and questions
(Provide paper version or spreadsheet?)
SEEA-EEA: Services use

20. Other related training materials
Secretariat for the Convention on Biological Diversity (SCBD)
Quick Start Package (QSP) (Weber, 2014)
Available online at
Includes free GIS software and tutorials
National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans
Training modules at
World Bank WAVES
Statistics Canada:
Measuring Ecosystem Goods and Services Teacher’s Kit
That’s all for Level 0! You are now ready for Levels 1 and 2…
[WBCSD…? OECD on nutrient flows (N…)]
SEEA-EEA: Services use

21. References Further Information
SNA 2008
SEEA Central Framework, SEEA-EEA, applications
SCBD Quick Start Package (
World Bank WAVES: Designing Pilots for Ecosystem Accounting
Statistics Canada, Human Activity and the Environment: Measuring Ecosystem Goods and Services XWE. Ottawa: Government of Canada.
Weber, J., Ecosystem Natural Capital Accounts: A Quick Start Package. 77 (Technical Series). Montreal: Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Further Information
SEEA Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (2012)
SEEA-EEA Technical Guidance (forthcoming)
SEEA-EEA: Services use

22. Acknowledgements Materials prepared by: Adapted from: Michael Bordt
Regional Adviser on Environment Statistics
ESCAP Statistics Division
Adapted from:
Advancing Natural Capital Accounting, a collaboration between The United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and is supported by the Government of Norway.
Contact:
SEEA-EEA: Services use 22