1. Molecules in Digestion
The student is expected to recognize that large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules such as carbohydrates being broken down into sugars.

2. Molecule A molecule is formed when 2 or more atoms join together.
Molecules can consist of 2 or more atoms from the same (N2, O2) or different elements.
CO2

3. Large Molecules Large molecules are made of chains of smaller units.
These large molecules are called polymers. “Poly” means many.

4. Smaller Molecules http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SgWgLioazSo
Smaller molecules are joined to make chains, or polymers.
These smaller units are called monomers. “Mono” means 1.

5. Digestion of Large Molecules
Our digestive system creates and uses digestive juices to break down polymers into monomers. These smaller units can be absorbed and used by the body.
What are some of the polymers that the body breaks down?

6. Organic Polymers
We consume carbohydrates (starch), proteins, and lipids (fats), but we must chemically break these large molecules down into smaller molecules during digestion.

7. Polymers Monomers Carbohydrates simple sugars (Starch) (like glucose)
Amylase is the enzyme that
chemically breaks down starch
Into sugar.

8. Polymers Monomers Lipids Fatty Acids Lipase is the enzyme that (fats)
changes lipids into fatty
acids.
(fats)

9. Polymers Monomers
Proteins Amino Acids Protease

10. Monomers Polymers Nucleotides Nucleic Acids
Nucleic acid is the building block of DNA and RNA, which makes up our genetic material.

11. Anabolic Process
Anabolic processes construct or build large molecules. This may result in growth of muscle or bone.
This person may have
taken anabolic steroids,
which are hormones that
facilitate the anabolic
process.
Monomers Polymers

12. Catabolic Processes
Catabolic processes break down large molecules into smaller molecules.
What are some examples
Of catabolism that we have
discussed today?

13. Fundamental Questions
What is a molecule?
What does our body do with the large molecules we consume?

14. Fundamental questions
When an organism consumes a carbohydrate, what molecules do carbohydrates become during digestion?

15. Fundamental Questions
When an organism consumes a protein, what molecules do proteins become during digestion?
When an organism consumes a lipid (fat), what molecules do lipids become during digestion?

16. Digestion Video
Where are proteins digested, and what are they broken down into?
Where are carbohydrates digested, and what are they broken down into?
Where are fats digested, and what are they broken down into?

17. Digestion video Where are the nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream?
Why must the larger molecules be broken down?

18. Key Concepts Summarized
Key Concept 1: A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together. Molecules can consist of two or more atoms of the same element or from more than one type of element.
Key Concept 2: Large molecules are made of chains of smaller units.
Key Concept 3: Our bodies take larger molecules (polymers) and break them down through chemical changes during digestion to create smaller molecules (monomers) that can be absorbed by the body.
Key Concept 4: Carbohydrate chains are broken into simple sugars.
Key Concept 5: Protein chains are broken into amino acids.
Key Concept 6: Lipid chains (fats) are broken into fatty acids.