1. Three Types of Rocks
I can name the three rock types and tell their general (very general) characterisitcs.
I can tell how and where the three different rock types form.
I can identify rock samples from class.
I can explain the two ways sedimentary rock form and give an example of each.
I can explain the two ways metamorphic rock form.

2. Sedimentary Rock

3. Sedimentary Rocks Formed by erosion (Sediments are moved)
Sediments are deposited in layers, with the older ones
on the bottom
The layers become compacted and cemented together

5. Silver Point, S of Cannon Beach, Mudstone

6. Sedimentary sandstone

7. Dolomites (limestone)

8. travertine

9. Ra
Travertine
Mammoth Hot Springs
Yosemite

10. Travertine Hot Springs Turkey

11. Igneous Rock

14. Igneous Rocks Coarse-Grained Fine-Grained Felsic Granite Rhyolite
Mafic
Gabbro
Basalt

15. Igneous Rocks
Intrusive Igneous Rocks: magma pushes into surrounding rock below the Earth’s surface
Extrusive Rocks: forms when magma erupts onto the Earth’s surface (lava), cools quickly with very small or no crystals formed

16. Granitic Mountains – batholithic.

17. Mafic, fine grained, extrusive
Obsidian
What is Obsidian?
Obsidian is a dark-colored volcanic glass that forms from the very rapid cooling of molten rock material. It cools so rapidly that crystals do not form.
Igneous Rocks
Obsidian is a dark-colored volcanic glass that forms from the very rapid cooling of molten rock material. It cools so rapidly that crystals do not form.
Is this rock Felsic or Mafic?
Is it fine-grained or coarse-grained?
Is this rock Intrusive or Extrusive?
Mafic, fine grained, extrusive

18. Igneous Rock Composition? Cooling rate? Location of formation?
From magma or lava?

19. Metamorphic Rock

20. What IS your metabolism?
Your metabolism changes _______ to _________.

25. Schist

27. Metamorphic Rock Meaning to change shape Changes with temperature
and pressure, but remains
solid
Usually takes place deep in
the Earth

28. Metamorphic Rocks
Regional Metamorphism – pressure builds up in rocks that is deep within the Earth
Contact - Large pieces of the Earth’s crust collide and the rock is deformed and chemically changed by heat and pressure

30. Road-cut

31. Metamorphic Rocks Contact Metamorphism – heated by nearby magma
Increased temperature changes the composition of the rock, minerals are changed into new minerals
Hornfels is a fine-grained non-foliated metamorphic rock produced by contact metamorphism
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34. Metamorphic Rock Foliated - contain aligned grains of flat minerals
Gneiss is foliated metamorphic rock that has a banded appearance and is made up of granular mineral grains.
It typically contains abundant quartz or feldspar minerals.

36. Metamorphic Rock
Non-Foliated – mineral grains are not arranged in plains or bands
Marble is a non-foliated metamorphic rock that is produced from the metamorphism of limestone.
It is composed primarily of calcium carbonate.

37. Metamorphic Rock
Determine if the following rock samples are foliated or non-foliated:
Quartzite
Amphibolite
Phyllite
Foliated

39. Shale - sedimentary

40. Slate

41. Shale

45. Weathered Limestone - England

49. Review
Why would you not be surprised to find metamorphic rock in an area that has a lot of volcanoes?
Which type of metamorphism would it be.
Gneiss comes from ______.
Marble comes from _______.