1. The Characteristics of Life
ALL LIVING THINGS……

2. 1.Have at least one CELL. A. Each cell contains DNA
as its genetic blueprint.

3. B. General Cell Types: 1. PROKARYOTIC
*NO membrane-bound organelles ( = NO nucleus, mitochondria, vacuoles, chloroplasts)
*only found in bacteria

4. B. General Cell Types: 2. EUKARYOTIC
*Membrane-bound organelles are present in the cytoplasm( = has a nucleus, mitochondria, vacuoles, chloroplasts)
* found in protists, fungi, plants, & animals

5. Prokaryotic Cell vs Eukaryotic Cell

6. *All organisms start as a single cell!
C. Cell Number:
*All organisms start as a
single cell!
1. An organisms with only one cell is
UNICELLULAR
(examples = all bacteria, most protists, some fungi)

7. (examples = all animals, all plants, most fungi, some protists)
An organism composed of more than one cell is
MULTICELLULAR
(examples = all animals, all plants, most fungi, some protists)

8. D. Exhibit Organization:
1. molecular and cellular organization = atoms build molecules; molecules build structures inside of cells.
2. Some organize cells into tissues, organs, and organ systems.

9. Have a Lifespan:
B. Growth - In cell size (all organisms) - In cell number (= multi-cellular organisms only)

11. LIFESPAN B. Development - into a reproductively mature
organism that will be able
to reproduce.
C. Death end of the life cycle

12. *Have the ability to create offspring in the same species.
Reproduce
*Have the ability to create offspring in the same species.

13. *Types of Reproduction:
A. ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION One organism creates an exact genetic copy (clone) of itself to become two new organisms. Example = binary fission, budding

14. Asexual reproduciton

15. Binary Fission

16. Binary Fission

17. Budding

18. B. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Egg and sperm unite to create a
genetically new individual

19. Need ENERGY A. First = Obtain Food 1. Autotrophs =
* produce food (glucose) within the
cells.
* Usually by PHOTOSYNTHESIS.

20. Examples of Autotrophs
PLANTS
ALGAE

21. 2. Heterotrophs
*must consume other organisms to get food (glucose) to the cells.

22. B. Next = RESPIRE to make ATP energy
Cellular Respiration= A process performed by the cells of all living things to convert food energy to cellular energy (=ATP = only form of energy cells can use to do work).

23. Types of Respiration 1.AEROBIC Respiration = uses oxygen.
2.ANAEROBIC Respiration = does not
use oxygen.

24. C. Have a metabolism *Use ATP energy to build molecules ( = anabolism)
*Use ATP energy to breakdown
molecules ( = catabolism)

25. (Helps an individual organism to survive)
Maintain HOMEOSTASIS
*Respond to stimuli to
maintain a balanced state
(Helps an individual organism to survive)

26. Examples: An endotherm shivering to stay warm.
The pupil of the eye constricting in the presence of bright light.
A sunflower’s flower tracking the sun during the day.
A rabbit darting to the left and right while trying to escape from a coyote.
An earthworm crawling back into the ground when light is detected.

29. Adapt to Changes in the Environment
* requires a genetic change that is passed through generations to help a species survive.
*Allows a population to Evolve

30. Examples:
A new color develops over time by way of a gene mutation. The new color helps the organism to survive and reproduce to pass on the gene mutation.