1. THE PLANT WORLD

2. Competencies: Determines the generic classification of plants

3. Video on Plant Evolution and Classification Guide Questions 1
Video on Plant Evolution and Classification Guide Questions 1. Where did plants evolve from? 2. How plants are classified?

4. KINDS OF PLANTS ACCORDING TO THE FOLLOWING:
1. Size
Microscopic – cannot be seen by the unaided eye.
Example: bacteria
Macroscopic – large enough to be seen by the naked eye.

5. The world’s smallest flowering plant is the watermeal, or Wolffia globosa. Found all over the planet, this bright green oval plant is about the size of a grain of rice!
Wolffia is the smallest genus of the aquatic plants known as duckweeds, which are part of the family Lemnaceae.

6. The conifer division of plants include the tallest organism, and the largest single-stemmed plants by wood volume, wood mass, and main stem circumference.
The largest by wood volume and mass is the giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum), native to Sierra Nevada and California; it grows to an average height of 70–85 m (230–279 ft) and 5–7 m (16–23 ft) in diameter

7. The tallest flowering plant species known is Eucalyptus regnans, of which a living specimen has been measured at 99.6 m (327 ft) in Southern Tasmania.

8. Other records among flowering plants include, the title of largest flower, which belongs to the species Rafflesia arnoldii.

9. 2. Body Form
Unicellular – the simplest form with one cell.
Multicellular – numerous cell formed into cells.

11. 3. Mode of Reproduction
Cryptogam – non-seed bearing or flowering plants.
Examples: fungi, algae, bryophytes, ferns
Phanerogams – seed-bearing or flowering plants.

13. Groups: 1. Gymnosperms – naked seed-bearing plants or seeds are exposed since there is no fruit.
Examples: Cycadophyta and Coniferophyta
2. Angiosperms – seeds are enclosed in an ovary that develop into fruit. Cycadophytes are common representatives.
Examples: Monocot and Dicot

14. Differences:
Plant Structure Dicot Monocot
Seed
2 cotyledon 1 cotyledon
Leaf
netted vein parallel
Flowers
multiple of 4 and and 5
Stem
fewer vascular bundles numerous
Roots
tap root fibrous root

15. 4. Texture
trees – tall, woody plants with single main stem and height exceed more than 5 ft tall.
Shrubs - semi woody semi flesh without a single main stem and usually less than 5 feet tall
Types: scandent shrub and undershrub
herbs – soft-stemmed or non woody plants.

16. scandent shrub and undershrub

17. 5. Position of Growth
Erect – upright – grow upward
Prostrate or creeping – crawl along the surface grounds.
Climbing or Vines – those that cling the larger objects by adaptive devices such as twinners or thorns.

18. Prostrate or creeping
Climbing or Vines

19. 6. Longevity annuals – live in single growing season
annuals – live in single growing season
(less than 1 year)
biennials – live in two growing season, more than a year.
Perennials – to grow for many years. Posses a flowering seasons –
Called monocarpic

20. 7. Habitat
Terrestrial – live in land
Epiphytic – live in air
Aquatic – water
Parasitic – cling on other
bodies for attachment

21. 8. Water Requirements
Hydrophytic – requires abundance of water
Halophytic – special that requires salty water.
Mesophytic – those that thrive under moderate water supply.
Xerophytic – thrive under dry condition

22. 9. Forms of Shoot
Excurrent – those having a single trunk tending towards a cone shaped crown.
Deliquescent – or decurrent – greatly branching forming a hemispherical crown.
Palmate – those with only single main trunk and leaves of enormous sizes from tip arises.

23. 10. Shedding of Leaves
refers to the response of the plants to the change of season.
deciduous – leaves entirely fall at the end of their based on regular season interval.
Evergreen – leaves fall regularly but not entirely from season to season.

24. 11. Power of Synthesis
Autophytic – those that can manufacture their own food requiring only carbon dioxide and water.
Types:
Photosynthetic - derive their energy from sunlight
Chemosynthetic – obtain their energy by oxidizing certain inorganic substances such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide from soil.

25. B. Heterophytic - other feeders
Types:
saprophytic – heteroptrophs which obtain their nutrients from dead organic matter.
Parasitic – those that obtain their nutrients from living organisms.

27. Absorption – accumulation of materials via osmosis
ACTIVITIES OF PLANTS
A. Vegetative Activities – those which have to do with the growth and preservation of the individual.
Absorption – accumulation of materials via osmosis
Translocation – transferring of materials via xylem and phloem.
Photosynthesis – process of using the energy to manufacture food via food conversion.

28. Digestion – conversion of insoluble food to soluble form.
Assimilation – transformation of non-living substance into living protoplasm.
Respiration or Oxidation of food in order to release energy.
Transpiration – loss of water in a form of water vapor.

29. B. Reproductive Activities – responsible of the propagation of species.
formation of pollen grains by anther and ovule
Pollination to stigma of flowers.
Fertilization
Seed and fruit formation

30. Application: Classify the following Plants: 1. Tamarind 2. Squash