1. b-beams: R&D Challenges in FP7
P. Delahaye for b-beams

2. FP6 baseline scenario TOP – DOWN APPROACH 6He: 2.9 1018 n/year
18Ne: n/year
6He: /s
18Ne: /s
A year of exploitation: 107 s

3. Challenges Production (see also M. Hass) Ionization (T. Thuiller)
Accelerator chain adaptation
(A. Lachaize, A. Chancé)
Loss management
(CERN, GSI, CEA see E. Wildner)

4. Production Today no dedicated high intensity facilities
FP6: pushing the limits of standard production techniques
6He, 18Ne produced at ISOLDE,
GANIL, Dubna, LLN, ISAC…
Max: a few 108
Today no dedicated high intensity facilities

5. Production 6He CEA Saclay Optimized Geometry 9Be(n,a)
Converter technology: (J. Nolen, NPA 701 (2002) 312c)
CEA Saclay Optimized Geometry
9Be(n,a)
T. Stora et al, EURISOL-TN
N Thollieres et al. EURISOL-TN
Preferred to direct irradiation (heat transfer and efficient cooling allows higher power)
6He production rate is ~2x1013 ions/s (dc) for ~200 kW on target
Use of a 4MW target is a priori possible

6. Production 18Ne 18Ne 2GeV p on 100kW MgO target: factor 24 missing
Low energy 3He beam on LiF target and on 16O gaseous target, tests at LLN
18Ne
2GeV p on 100kW MgO target: factor 24 missing
Low energy 3He beam on LiF target and on 16O gaseous target, tests at LLN
Multiple targets and cooling and accumulating rings
60 cm diameter target MgO
2MW 3He beam (14.8MeV, 130mA)
Ne/s
M. Loiselet and S. Mitrofanov,
LLN

7. Production FP7: studying a novel idea 7Li(d,p)8Li 7Li 6Li(3He,n)8B 6Li
Beam cooling with ionisation losses – C. Rubbia, A Ferrari, Y. Kadi and V. Vlachoudis in NIM A, 568 (2006) 475
7Li(d,p)8Li
6Li(3He,n)8B
7Li
6Li
BEAM
Gas cell
Extraction
Gas inlet
ISOL or IGISOL extraction M. Lindroos et al, NIC-IX proceedings
See also: Development of FFAG accelerators and their applications for intense secondary particle production, Y. Mori, NIM A562(2006)591

8. Production
Inverse kinematics at Louvain La Neuve
Thierry Delbar,
LLN

9. Production
Courtesy
Thierry Delbar, LLN

10. Production and Ionization
Collection and transfer to the ion source
Li: surface ionization easy
1+ n+ (2+,3+) method
Quick transfer, separation possible and even desired
But: injection of light masses into ECR charge breeder difficult –presently <~1% efficiency
0 n+ method difficult (no gas molecules easy to form)
B: not produced at ISOL facilities yet
0 n+ method
2349K as melting point, 4200K as boiling point
Transfer as molecule (for instance BF3 or BCl3)
1+ n+ method with the IGISOL technique
But what space charge limit?

11. Loss management Decay losses and acceleration losses
RCS: A. Lachaize, S. Trovati
D.R.: E. Wildner, A. Chancé
Collimation in the decay ring
Momentum collimation (P. Delahaye, E. Wildner, S. Hancock)
Decay losses and acceleration losses
RCS: A. Lachaize, S. Trovati
D.R.: E. Wildner, A. Chancé
Collimation in the decay ring
Momentum collimation (P. Delahaye, E. Wildner, S. Hancock)

12. Bunch stacking S. Hancock and M. Benedikt, NIM A 550 (2005) 1–5
Distribution of the scraped ions
S. Hancock
Gain: one order of magnitude using the stacking process
Momentum collimation during the bunch compression

13. Momentum collimation 50% of 1013/s 75% of 4.3 1012/s 1.6MW in 0.3s
6He
18Ne
Straight section
Arc
Momentum
collimation
Arc
Arcs
Momentum
collimation
Straight sections
Fabich,
EURISOL town
meeting 2007
p-collimation
merging
decay losses
injection
p-collimation
merging
decay losses
injection
1.6MW in 0.3s
2.8MW in 0.3s

14. Collimation of « heavy » ions
18Ne pencil beam impinging on a 12C jaw at grazing angles
Calculations with FLUKA z
A,Z q f y
18Ne
Graphite jaw x
"FLUKA: a multi-particle transport code", A. Fasso`, A. Ferrari, J. Ranft, and P.R. Sala, CERN (2005), INFN/TC_05/11, SLAC-R-773
"The physics models of FLUKA: status and recent developments", A. Fasso`, A. Ferrari, S. Roesler, P.R. Sala, G. Battistoni, F. Cerutti, E. Gadioli, M.V. Garzelli, F. Ballarini, A. Ottolenghi, A. Empl and J. Ranft, Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics 2003 Conference (CHEP2003), La Jolla, CA, USA, March 24-28, 2003, (paper MOMT005), eConf C (2003), arXiv:hep-ph/

15. Primary collimator 18Ne 5.104 incident 18Ne10+ 0.1mrad
A,Z distribution p
Br/Br0
+-5%
The whole range between A=2 and A=18!
Q (rad)
f (rad)
Angles peaked towards the forward direction!

16. ACCSIM - FLUKA studies Long range of secondary halo particles!!
Arbitrary large emittance: +-10mrad, Br=Br0+-20%
ACCSIM
F. Jones, TRIUMF
Long range of secondary halo particles!!
600m from the primary collimator
First dipole
Coupling FLUKA and ACCSIM is necessary

17. Conclusions New candidates for beta-decaying particles
Triggers new interesting challenges
Production ring
Release from targets!
Ionization in ECR source!
Among the few the solutions proposed (including 6He and 18Ne) some look very attractive
Decay losses more or less under control
Collimation study will require dedicated efforts
High power deposition
Long range of secondary halo of particles
FLUKA - ACCSIM coupling