1. Morfologi Tumbuhan

2. Three Basic Organ in Plant
Figure 35.2
Reproductive shoot (flower)
Terminal bud
Node
Internode
Terminal
bud
Vegetative
shoot
Blade
Petiole
Stem
Leaf
Taproot
Lateral roots
Root
system
Shoot
Axillary
Three basic organs evolved: roots, stems, and leaves
They are organized into a root system and a shoot system

3. The Three Basic Plant Organs: Roots, Stems, and Leaves
The basic morphology of vascular plants
Reflects their evolutionary history as terrestrial organisms that draw nutrients from two very different environments: below-ground and above-ground

4. Roots A root Is an organ that anchors the vascular plant
Absorbs minerals and water
Often stores organic nutrients

5. AKAR / ROOTS Fungsi Akar Perkembangan Akar Tipe – Tipe akar
Modifikasi Akar
Simbiosis di akar

6. Fungsi Akar Attachment to substrate (ground, etc)
Water and nutrien uptake
Transport
In several plants:
Food storage
Oxygen uptake
Climber

9. Figure 35.3
In most plants
The absorption of water and minerals occurs near the root tips, where vast numbers of tiny root hairs increase the surface area of the root

10. Perkembangan akar

11. Primary Growth of Roots
Figure 35.12
Dermal
Ground
Vascular
Key
Cortex
Vascular cylinder
Epidermis
Root hair
Zone of
maturation
elongation
Zone of cell
division
Apical
meristem
Root cap
100 m
The root tip is covered by a root cap, which protects the delicate apical meristem as the root pushes through soil during primary growth
The primary growth of roots
Produces the epidermis, ground tissue, and vascular tissue

12. Lateral roots
Arise from within the pericycle, the outermost cell layer in the vascular cylinder
Figure 35.14
Cortex
Vascular
cylinder
Epidermis
Lateral root
100 m 1 2 3 4
Emerging
lateral
root

14. Sistem Perakaran

16. Tipe Akar Berdasarkan Pembentukannya
Akar Tunggang
Akar Serabut
Akar Adventif (lainnya)

17. Tipe – Tipe Akar
Akar papan/banir
Akar tunjang

18. Many plants have modified roots
Figure 35.4a–e
(a) Prop roots
(b) Storage roots
(c) “Strangling” aerial roots
(d) Buttress roots
(e) Pneumatophores
Many plants have modified roots