1. IMPERIALISM
CARVING UP AFRICA

2. What are the effects of Imperialism on the continent of Africa?
EQ 2-2
What are the effects of Imperialism on the continent of Africa?

3. Africa in the early 1800s
Europeans have possessions only on the coast.

4. Africa by 1914

5. “Dark Continent”
1400s – early 1800s contact is just on the coast for trade.
Maps of the continent had no detail on the interior.
Europe referred to Africa as the “Dark Continent” because they could not explore beyond the coast1

6. Old Map of Africa
“The Dark Continent” ?

7. 1871 - Books about exploring Africa

8. First Explorers
1800s European Explorers push into the continent thanks to quinine which prevents Malaria2
Mungo Park and Richard Burton set out to map the course and sources of the Niger, Nile, and Congo rivers

9. Missionaries Convert those pagans Did not care about African culture
Built schools and hospitals3
Most famous was Dr. David Livingston4

10. The Statue of Livingston at Victoria Falls

11. First Nation
· King Leopold II5 of Belgium wants the Congo River Basin.
· Publicly says it is to help the Africans
· Privately he wanted conquest and profit.
· His actions will prompt other European Nations to get involved in the land grab.

12. King Leopold II

13. Berlin Conference6
WHY – Conference was held so the Europeans don’t fight over who gets what in Africa7
WHERE/When
- Berlin, Germany in 18848
WHO – Europeans but NO Africans invited9

14. Berlin Conference cont’d
RULE: European country can’t claim a part of Africa unless it sets up a gov’t office there.10
RESULT: Europeans send officials to rule African countries11

15. Did not care about how they did it
boundaries were drawn with little regard or understanding about traditional African social patterns or ethnic groups
These boarders were arbitrary – random12

16. Long-Term Consequence 1
When African nations do get their independence, they’ll need to set up governments from scratch.
Europeans set up governments and in the process destroy local governments.

17. Long-Term Consequence 2
Europeans divide some African societies by race. Allowing the ‘lighter’ skinned Africans to rule over the ‘darker’ skinned Africans.
This will cause racial conflicts in South Africa and genocide in Rwanda and the Sudan.

18. Countries who got involved
France largest – as big as U.S.13
Britain smaller but better
Portugal
Spain
Germany
Italy
Belgium

19. Africa in the early 1800s
Europeans have possessions only on the coast.

20. Africa by 1914
THEY TOOK EVERYTHING!