1. Tensions Rise Between North and South 15.1
These events led to the
Civil War.

2. Important Vocabulary
Nationalism- is a belief, creed or political ideology that involves an individual identifying with one's nation.
Sectionalism- is loyalty to the interests of one's own region or section of the country, rather than to the country as a whole.
Popular Sovereignty- A law that allows the right of the people living in a newly organized territory to decide by vote whether or not slavery would be permitted

3. Differences in the North and South
In the North the main industry was factories and immigration. There were new factories being built and people moving to the US from all over Europe to work in the factories. The south was very agricultural (lots of farming)

4. 0-1:00 video

5. Louisiana Purchase
Thomas Jefferson purchased this land from the French in 1803
This land doubled the size of the United States
It caused the territories to ask for admittance to the Union as states
The U.S. government had to decide whether the new states would be free states or slave states

6. Missouri Compromise 1820
Missouri was admitted to the Union as a slave state
Maine was admitted to the Union as a free state
Slavery was banned north of Missouri’s southern border

7. Manifest Destiny
Many Americans thought it was their destiny to expand the United States from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean
This caused land disputes with Mexico
1845 Texas was made a slave state even though Mexico thought they still owned Texas
Mexico thought this was an act of war
The U.S. offered to buy Texas for $30 million, but Mexico refused

8. Wilmot Proviso
Many Northerners suspected that Southerners wanted to take land from Mexico to expand their farms and expand slavery.
Rep. Wilmot Proviso from PA proposed a bill to outlaw slavery in any territory the US might acquire.
Southerners fought this bill, eventually defeating it saying that the Constitution allowed them the freedom to decide if they wanted to have slaves.

9. Free-Soil Party
When Wilmot Proviso’s bill failed to pass, it led to the creation of a new political party- Free-Soil Party. This party was dedicated to stopping the expansion of slavery.
Slogan- “Free Soil, Free Speech, Free labor, and Free Men”
Won 10 seats in Congress in the 1848 election and brought slavery to national attention.

10. The War With Mexico 1846 – 1848
1846 troops entered Mexico to fight for more land
Fighting took place in Texas, the southwest, and California
Southerners wanted to extend the U.S. territories for slavery
Northerners were afraid of slavery growing- Wilmot Proviso proposed bill that would outlaw slavery in new territory (failed)
In the end, America won and received land in Texas, California, and the southwest
Would these new territories be slave states or free states?

11. Compromise of 1850
When California applied to be a state free from slavery, the South was angry because slave states would then be a minority in the Senate and the House.
To solve the problem, the Compromise of 1850 was drafted and said:
California would be admitted to the Union as a free state and slave trade would be abolished in Washington, D.C.
Congress would not pass
laws regarding slavery for
the rest of the territories
won from Mexico, and
Congress would pass a
stronger law to help
slaveholders.

12. Fugitive Slave Act 1850 Passed as part of the Compromise of 1850
It said slaves who were caught as runaways had no right to a trial
Required northerners to catch runaway slaves or they could be fined
This increased abolitionist efforts against slavery- Frederick Douglass
The Underground Railroad increased its activity to help slaves get to Canada- Harriett Tubman

13. Uncle Tom’s Cabin Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852
Harriet Beecher Stowe was an abolitionist who wrote the book so people would know the truth about the evils of slavery
It changed the way northerners looked at slavery and increased their dislike for slavery

14. Kansas-Nebraska Act 1857
Allowed Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves through voting, or popular sovereignty, whether to be slave states or free states
This led to violence between people for and against slavery
These violent events were a small sample of what was to come during the Civil War
All new states admitted to the Union could use popular sovereignty to decide whether they were to allow or ban slavery

15. Kansas- Nebraska Act

16. Violence Bleeding Kansas
During the election of 1855, there were more proslavery than antislavery settlers in the Kansas Territory. After 5000 Missouri residents went to Kansas and voted illegally, the state legislature was filled with almost all proslavery representatives. Residents started looting towns over the elections.
In response, John Brown, an extreme Abolitionist, led seven other men in the massacre of 5 proslavery neighbors. This became known as the Potawatomie Massacre. Named after a nearby creek where the victims were found. Violence in Kansas continued for three years over slavery views.