1. From Republic to Empire: Rome

2. Document Based Question
Thesis (1)
- Needs to present an argument, something to prove.
2. Documents (1)
- 7 out of 8 used, and interpreted.
3. Documents and Thesis (2)
- 7 out of 8 show relevance to Thesis
4. Groupings (1)
- 3 groupings for Credit
5. Point of View (1)
- Two documents must include POV/Bias
6. Outside Source (1)

3. Agenda Bell Ringer: When did the Roman Empire end?
The Roman Republic and Empire: A Brief Look
Crash Course: Roman Republic
Classic Civilization Map (update)
Twelve Tables Document Analysis
Document Based Question, question session.
Were there any issues you had with the information
HW: Reading Quiz #2, Greece and Rome next class.

4. A Republic Decline begins through greed and oppression.
Gracchi brothers work for the poor, and the prosperous Senators kill them.
Revolts plague Rome through 45 BCE
Spartacus and the slaves revolt 71 BCE
Violence Replaces Respect for law.
Armies trust Generals more than government.

5. Caesar and the end of the Republic
Julius Caesar takes power, marching on Rome and becoming dictator in 46 BCE.
He increases Senate to 900 members, and reduced their power.
Conspiracy forms against his power
Assassinated 44 BCE
Octavian takes over, and eliminates Antony and Cleopatra. Sole Emperor of the Roman Empire.

6. Roman Empire Octavian becomes Augustus.
He leads empire into the Pax Romana, the Roman Peace.
Why an empire?
Now authority to govern provinces was given to the emperor.
Emperor reigns supreme.

7. Pax Romana Supported beneficial domestic policies.
Treated ruling classes with respect.
Capable Men chosen to succeed the prior Emperor.
Imperial Officials controlled the government.
Population rivaling Han China by 2nd Century CE. (50 million)

8. Culture and Society Rome took ideas from Greece.
Columns, Rectangular forms.
Excelled in arches and domed structures.
Aqueducts, Colesseum
Realistic Frescoes adorned walls of wealthy citizens.

9. Civil Law Twelve Tables created during the Republic.
Adapted into a code of Civil Law.
Added law of nations to deal with foreign conquests.
Standards of Justice
Innocent until proven guilty.
Allowed a defense
Universal laws based on reason.

10. The Late Empire Crisis Inflation causes monetary issues.
Empire becomes too large
Military dictators take over, most of which meet a violent death.
Inflation causes monetary issues.
Couldn’t pay or enlist more soldiers, end up hiring Germans to fight under Roman Commanders.

11. Division Diocletian 284 A.D. – 305 A.D.
Empire too large for one person.
Co-Emperor for Western half.
Government controlled everything.
Succession Rule.

12. Constantine and End of Empire