1. Date of download: 11/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: On the Development of an Experimental Testing Platform for the Vortex Machining Process
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 2013;135(5): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Schematic diagram of Vortex Machining process

2. Date of download: 11/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: On the Development of an Experimental Testing Platform for the Vortex Machining Process
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 2013;135(5): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Block diagram showing circuit configuration of lock-in amplifier, buffer amplifier, probe, balanced bridge, difference amplifier, and gain (R) and phase (θ) outputs

3. Date of download: 11/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: On the Development of an Experimental Testing Platform for the Vortex Machining Process
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 2013;135(5): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Schematic diagram of Vortex Machining experimental platform. Modified from [5].

4. Date of download: 11/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: On the Development of an Experimental Testing Platform for the Vortex Machining Process
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 2013;135(5): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Images of complete Vortex Machining test facility (a), close-up view of machining area (b), and close-up view displaying Abbe offset between measurement axes and machining loop (c).

5. Date of download: 11/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: On the Development of an Experimental Testing Platform for the Vortex Machining Process
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 2013;135(5): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Experimental data showing positional drift in an uncompensated machine frame. (a) shows long-term drift with initial apparent settling over the first 10–20 h. (b) shows short-term cyclical drift with a 14–17 min period.

6. Date of download: 11/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: On the Development of an Experimental Testing Platform for the Vortex Machining Process
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 2013;135(5): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Image showing components of slurry depth compensation system

7. Date of download: 11/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: On the Development of an Experimental Testing Platform for the Vortex Machining Process
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 2013;135(5): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Graph of infrared sensor voltage over time as slurry evaporated. Full-scale sensor nonlinearities can be noticed. Circle indicates region in which null-output control routine is locked to.

8. Date of download: 11/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: On the Development of an Experimental Testing Platform for the Vortex Machining Process
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 2013;135(5): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Experimental data showing the fluid depth control error (square marker, left axis) and the number of shots dispensed from the syringe (triangle marker, right axis) over a 3 h testing period.

9. Date of download: 11/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: On the Development of an Experimental Testing Platform for the Vortex Machining Process
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 2013;135(5): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Experimental data showing probe response magnitude, phase, and frequency under phase-lock control (using frequency servo routine) over a 4 h testing period. (a) shows probe magnitude (square marker, left axis) and probe phase (triangle marker, right axis). (b) shows relative probe frequency deviation from kHz.

10. Date of download: 11/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: On the Development of an Experimental Testing Platform for the Vortex Machining Process
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 2013;135(5): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Control diagram for positioning system consisting of coarse displacement subsystem driven by ac servo motor (M) and fine displacement subsystem driven by flexure-constrained piezoelectric actuator (PZT). The individual controllers consist of proportional-plus-integral algorithms.

11. Date of download: 11/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: On the Development of an Experimental Testing Platform for the Vortex Machining Process
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 2013;135(5): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Controller errors in x (a), y (b), and z (c) axes over a 17.5 h testing period. Only control errors after the axis had attained desired machining position are shown.

12. Date of download: 11/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: On the Development of an Experimental Testing Platform for the Vortex Machining Process
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 2013;135(5): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Slurry depth compensation control diagram illustrating bang–bang control algorithm. The reflective sensor output is amplified, calibrated, and compared against the desired slurry depth. If the output is less than the desired depth, a pulse is sent to trigger the automated syringe to add fluid.

13. Date of download: 11/9/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: On the Development of an Experimental Testing Platform for the Vortex Machining Process
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 2013;135(5): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Contour plots of footprints machined during different phases of experimental facility design. Single footprints machined before (3 h test) and after (30 min test) implementation of slurry depth and probe controls are shown in (a) and (b), respectively. A 4 by 3 matrix of individually spaced footprints polished after implementation of slurry depth control, probe control, and automated CNC algorithm is shown in (c). All footprints were measured using a SWLI.