1. Pop Quiz: Which of these situations are plagiarism?
Copying a paragraph of an essay from a friend.
Copying one sentence of your paper from a website.
Using ideas, but not direct quotations, from SparkNotes, Schmoop, Wikipedia, or any other website.
Cutting and pasting a sentence from a website and then changing some of the words to synonyms.
Putting “Barack Obama is the President of the United States” in your paper and not citing that fact.
You have citations, but almost the whole paper is quoted from a source.
Everything is plagiarism except #5. Common knowledge exception.

2. Instead of Plagiarizing, there are 2 choices…
Summarize or Paraphrase
Put the information completely in your own words, with a citation.
Or…
2. Use direct quotations
Use the authors words, with “quotation marks around them” and a citation.

3. Researchers cite sources …
To give credit to the person we got our information from
To help our readers find our sources
To show that we consulted experts!

4. At IHS we cite sources in MLA format
We all use the same format to write papers & cite our sources
MLA Handbook = a set of rules to do this

5. “Citing Your Sources” is a 2-part process…

6. 1. Parenthetical citations inside the essay, right after the fact or quotation:
Burrowing owls are an endangered species because of their habitat. “Burrowing owls live in underground dens that are easily threatened by construction projects” (Miller 55). Even if construction crews don’t hurt the owls, the birds may still become too afraid to lay eggs. Burrowing owl populations have gone down by 45% in the last ten years (“Threatened Bird Statistics”).

7. 2. the Works Cited page
Works Cited
Dias, Graciela. “Saving Endangered Birds." The New York Times, 22
May 2016,
22/science/earth/22ander.html?_r=0.
Miller, William. The Life of the Burrowing Owl.
Random House, 2013.
“Threatened Bird Statistics.” Audubon Society, 1
June 2016,
01/3-threatened-bird-stats. Accessed 9 Sept
The parenthetical citations refer your reader to a page at the end of your paper listing each source you used in alphabetical order…
NOTE: The spacing is NOT correct in this example, and the sources are totally made up.

8. How do I make a citation?