1. Prof. Dr. Roshan Shishoo Shishoo Consulting AB, Sweden
Lift-group seminar
“Opportunities for Textiles in Medical” Technology, Vaals 13th Dec. 2006
INTRODUCTION by
Prof. Dr. Roshan Shishoo Shishoo Consulting AB, Sweden
©Shishoo Consulting AB

2. Medical textiles, end-use consumption by region, 1995-2005 (1000 tons)
% CAGR
tons ’95-’05
W. Europe
E. Europe
N. America
S. America
Asia
Australasia
Rest of world
Total *
* Estimated
Source: David Rigby Associates
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3. Medical,health and personal care sectors
Annual global consumption of technical textiles for medical and hygienic applications has gone up by 60% in the last ten years, to nearly 2 million tons. A high proportion consists of nonwovens.
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4. Broad classification Hygienic absorbent products
Hospital and healthcare products
Implants,Orthopedic prosthetic and Support devices
Scaffolds for tissue engineering
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5. Major players in the global medical textiles & hygiene markets
Company Product Area
Procter & Gamble Diapers, Feminine Hygiene, Adult Incontinence, Wipes
Kimberly Clark/Scott Diapers , Feminine Hygiene, Wipes, Adult Incontinence,
Johnson & Johnson Feminine Hygiene, Wipes, Adult Incontinence, Health care
SCA Feminine Hygiene, Wipes, Adult Incontinence
Mölnlycke Health Care Medical and Healthcare
Baxter Medical Textiles
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6. Major players in the global medical textiles market
Company Product Area
Smith & Nephew Medical & Health care
3M Medical /Health care
DuPont Healthcare
BSN Medical
URGO Wound management
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7. Personal care and hygiene
Diapers
Sanitary napkins,tampons
Incontinence products
Dry and wet wipes
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8. Materials used are Nonwoven Wood pulp Tissue Plastic sheet
Super absorbent polymers
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9. Medical and health care products
surgical: caps, gowns, masks
sponges, dressings, wipes
orthopedic padding
bandages, tapes
drapes, wraps, packs
bed linen, underpads
Anti-decubitus pads
examination gowns
filters for biological liquids
drug delivery system
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10. Medical textiles Natural fibre materials Cotton, wool
Man-made fibre materials Viscose, PET, PTFE, PUR, PA and PP
Biodegradable fibres PLA, PGA
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11. OR-gowns Balance of widely different properties
Performance Requirement
Balance of widely different properties
Protection against possible contamination of fluid-borne viruses and bacteria
Comfortable
Providing freedom of movement
Reusable/disposable
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12. OR-gowns /drapes Resistance to penetration
Barrier materials for protection against biological hazards (liquids and aerosols)
Resistance to penetration
during wet contact with micro-organisms
during dry contact with micro-organisms
of wet airborne micro-organisms
of dry airborne micro-organisms
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13. OR-gowns/ drapes Special woven fabrics Special nonwoven structures
Breathable fabrics
Coated fabrics (microporus coating)
Laminated fabrics (hydrophilic or microporous membrane)
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14. Elastic bandages provide support
assist in the healing of strained muscles
assist in the treatment of various conditions
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15. Longitudinal stretch produces radial compressional forces
Compressive bandages and pressure garments
Novel textile structures
Incorporation of elastomeric yarns
Longitudinal stretch produces radial compressional forces
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16. Wound dressings
Reinforcement
(soft, flexible, elastic) Hydrophobic layer
Woven, knitted • Silicon gel nonwoven • Polyurethane gel
Polymeric foam
Functions: Fluid permeable, peel strength-gel/fabric, tensile strength-gel, non-tackiness
Skin
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17. Anti-thrombosis stockings
Tubular stockings produced on circular and flat weft-knitting machines
Double-bar raschel warp-knitting machines
Conical tubular construction
Multiple joining of two knitted layers by using an additional yarn system
Optimum compression pressure
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18. Anti-decubitus mattresses / pads
Hospital patients,home-care patients and nursing home patients can suffer from decubitus ulcers and pressure sores.
2/3rd pressure sores occur in patients over 70 years, In nursing homes: % occurence.
Healing rate depends on alternating pressure air mattresses, turning schedule( every 2 hours)and topical skin treatment.
Pressure should be less than 30 mm Hg.
No accurate prediction theories.
Foam, air-filled and air-fluidized beds. Sales: over bn US$
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19. Alginate and chitosan fibres for medical use
Alginate fibres - Biomaterials for wound- protecting bandages
Chitosan fibres - acceleration of healing, especially burn wounds
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20. Textile fibres can be: permanently anti-microbial (bacteriostat)
actively reduce the number of bacteria (bactericide)
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21. Anti-bacterial fibres
Anti-bacterial agents in fibres and textiles ( e.g., slow release of silver ions)
Anti-bacterial fibres ( e.g., slow release of copper ions )
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22. Medical textiles for Intra-corporal use
Ligaments
Vascular grafts
Orthopedic prosthetic devices
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23. Textiles in medical applications, e. g
Textiles in medical applications, e.g. sutures, artificial ligaments, vascular grafts etc.
Different functions as implants
Replacement of tissue: this is necessary when
• no natural tissue is available or
• new natural tissue has not the required properties like stability or extensibility
Tissue support: the textile structure reinforces new tissue
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24. For biomedical application where biostability is required
Non-resorbable polymers :
PTFE,PUR, PES, PP, Carbon
Bio-compatibility is a must
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25. Biodegradable fibres used in implants
Collagen
Alginate
Poly (Lactic Acid)
Poly (Glycolic Acid)
Polyamines
Polyurethanes (-ether)
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26. Surgical implants High functional fibres
High performance textile structures
3-D shaped fabrics from woven, knitted and braided processes
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27. Fibre-reinforced composites for surgical implants
Load-bearing capacity
Corrosion resistance
Low weight
Biocompatibilty
Durability
X-ray transparency
Very low allergic risk
Easier handling
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28. 5 ° to 60 ° depends on crossing angle
Characteristics of different textile structures with regard to their medical use
Woven
fabric
Weft knitted
Warp knitted fabric
Braid
Nonwovens
Strength
High
Medium
Very low
Extensibility
Low
Medium to low
Porosity
Medium to high
Low to high
High to medium
Pore-size
Small to medium
Large
Small to large
Orientation of filaments
0° and 90 °
Loop
5 ° to 60 ° depends on crossing angle
Anisotrop or isotrop
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29. Knitted and woven PES vascular and cardiovascular grafts
Surface modification to facilitate tissue growth, e.g., collagen coated
With antimicrobial protection using e.g., silver coating
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30. Scaffolds for tissue growth
Novel nonwoven,woven and knitted D substrates.
Large specific area, high porosity, formability, handleability.
Resorbable fibres PLA,PGA,PU-ether. Degrade with time
Biological active surfaces
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31. Tissue engineering: Reserve parts for the human body
Ear
Tooth
Heart
Pancreas
Ureter
Bone/ ligament
Breast
Liver
Bladder
Spinal nerves
Source: Illustrerad Vetenskap, No 5, 1999
Skin
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32. Intelligent textiles for medical applications
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33. Smart textiles and clothing
Electronics
&
Information
Technology
INNOVATIVE
FIBER Technology
&
POLYMER Technology
SMART
SAFETY
& PROTECTIVE
CLOTHING
Wearable
Technology
Intelligent
Textiles
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34. Where Textiles and Electronics meet (WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY)
Smart shirt / Smart clothing : A wireless backbone from multiple sensory locations
Sensors and data processing components
Health monitors/ Reassurance products ( pulse rate,heart activity, body temperatue )
Medical product ( wound -dressings, compessive bandages)
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35. European Standards Implemented in all CEN countries
Linked to legislation-In practice mandatory
Scope of TC 205/ WG 14 is to specify performance requirements and test methods for single use and reusable coverings for patients, clinical staff and equipment used as medical device intended to prevent the transmission of infective agents between patients and clinical staff during invasive surgical procedures.
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36. Medical Device
Any materials and other articles used for human beings for the purpose of diagnosis, prevention, monitoring & treatment of disease.
Surgical gowns and drapes, wound management articles and textile implants are medical devices and their clinical performance is tested through a set of defined properties according to the Coucil Directive 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993.
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37. Thank you for your attention !
Dr. Roshan Shishoo
Shishoo Consulting AB, Sweden
©Shishoo Consulting AB