1. . Level 3 Air Conditioning Inspections for Buildings
2. Understanding the Legislation (Day 1)
PRESENTED BY
Anthony Balaam

2. CO2 Reduction

3. Legislation

4. Air Conditioning Inspection Advisory Report + Certificate
Energy Assessment
Air Conditioning Inspection Advisory Report + Certificate
CIBSE TM44

5. Implementation
F Gas regulations
on 4th July 2011

6. Implementation
Part 4, Energy Performance of Buildings (Certificates and Inspections) (England & Wales) Regulations 2007
implements Article 9 of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive, requiring:-
Local weights and measures authorities are responsible for ensuring that owners of air-conditioning (AC) systems over 12kW are in possession of an inspection report.
Systems have to be inspected by an accredited inspector at least once every 5 years.
(Sites which have had EPCs and DECs done can be revisited and have an Air Conditioning Inspection performed.)

7. Implementation Why are Air-Conditioning Inspections Required?
Inspections designed to:-
Improve efficiency
Reduce electricity consumption
Reduce operating costs
Reduce carbon emissions
Will highlight opportunities for:-
Improvements to operation
Replacement of older less efficient systems
Replacement of oversized systems

8. Implementation
Responsible Ownership of Systems:-
Building owners/managers who control air conditioning systems have statutory obligations and duties of care in the operation and maintenance of air conditioning systems.
Air-conditioning energy inspections are additional to the normal activities associated with the operation and ownership of the air-conditioning systems.

9. Inspection, Maintenance & Cleaning Programmes
Implementation
Inspection, Maintenance & Cleaning Programmes
This provides healthy and comfortable environments for building occupants.
The Limits are the escape of refrigerant gases and ensuring the safety of the equipment.

10. Implementation When Are Inspections Required By?
1 Jan
2008
4 Jan
2009
4 Jan
2011
1 Jan
2013
2005
2006
2007
2010
2012
First inspection for existing systems with
effective rated output >250kW.
First inspection for existing systems with
effective rated output >12kW.
Systems commissioned on or after 1st Jan 2008
must be inspected within first 5 years.
ENFORCEMENT BY TRADING
STANDARDS OFFICERS
FINES RANGE FROM £300 TO £5000 (DEPENDANT UPON BUILDING SIZE)
Relevant person changes
+ no AR handed over =
inspection within 3 months

11. Implementation Systems Requiring an Air-Conditioning Inspection:-
Regulations only affect systems with effective rated output of over >12kW:
deliverable during continuous operation;
whilst complying with useful efficiency as stated by manufacturer.
A single air-conditioning system:-
one or more units within a building under the control of a single person.
Person who controls the operation of the system:-
controls technical functioning of system;
not someone who controls the temperature.

12. Implementation Definition of a building:-
“a roofed construction having walls, for which energy is used to condition the indoor climate, and a reference to a building includes a reference to a part of a building which has been designed or altered to be used separately”.
A part of a building designed or altered to be used separately:
where accommodation is adapted to for separate occupation;
could be indicated by having separate access;
separate provision of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC);
shared HVAC but the occupier has the ability to independently control the services
(for example shared kitchen and toilet facilities.)

13. Implementation Air-Conditioning System:- It Excludes:-
How is an Air-Conditioning System Defined?
Air-Conditioning System:-
“refers to any system where refrigeration is used to provide cooling for the comfort of the occupants”.
It Excludes:-
separate refrigeration provided solely for process application
e.g. cold store, pharmaceutical production, server rooms etc.

14. Implementation
Other Requirements of the ‘Energy Performance of Buildings Directive’:-
Energy Performance Certificate (EPC)
required when a building is constructed, sold or let.
larger than 10,000m2 , effective of 6th April 2008; now gone
larger than 2,500m2, effective of 1st July 2008;now gone
all other effective of 1st October 2008.now gone
Display Energy Certificate (DEC)
required by occupiers of public buildings;
building greater than 1,000m2;
occupied by public Authority or institututions providing public services to a large number of persons;
the public visit the building.
New regualtion that came in on 1st January 2013, buildings greater than 500m² but are valid for 10 years
Now the building level is >250m²and are valid for 10 years
This is mentioned as the AC inspection can be carried out at the same time.

15. Implementation operators to use all technically feasible measures;
Article ‘3’ of the F-Gas Regulation requires:-
operators to use all technically feasible measures;
not entailing disproportionate cost;
to prevent leakage of F-Gas to the atmosphere
and to repair any detected leakage from:-
refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump
equipment and associated circuits;
fire protection systems.
“Checked for leakage” means that:-
Equipment or system parts that are most likely to leak have been examined using direct or indirect methods.

16. Implementation
What is a F-Gas Inspection?
European Union (EU) is commited to reduce the emissions of flourinated greenhouse gases as outlined by the Kyoto Protocol.
EC Regulation 842/2006 (the F-Gas Regulation) is the legal instrument by which the emissions reductions of certain fluorinated gases are to be delivered.
Requires leakage checks to be carried out;
completion of the repairs;
recovery of gases without escape to atmosphere;
certified personnel and companies are to be used only;
labels to be used on some equipment;
information to be reported to the commission;
bans on some F-Gas products.

17. Checking For Leakage Timetable:-
Implementation
Checking For Leakage Timetable:-
F-Gas Charge
Checking Frequency
3kg
12 Months
30kg
6 Months
300kg
3 Months
Does not apply to equipment with hermetically sealed systems.
Labelled as such and contain less than 6kg.
All to be checked within one month after leakage repair to ensure work was effective.
Automatic leak detection systems fitted to stationary systems above 300kg. To be inspected every 12 months

18. Implementation
Types of F-Gas being regulated :- Hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs) Per fluorocarbons (PFCs) (semi –conductors) Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) (high voltage switch gear) Ozone depleting Substances :- HCFCs - Hydro chlorofluorocarbons Note:- All interim personnel and company certificates are no longer valid and illegal to:- 1.Engineers must hold a full F-Gas qualification 2.Employers must hold a full company certificate

19. Air Conditioning Inspections
Scope of Air-Conditioning Inspection cover:-
1. Refrigeration equipment
2. Air movement equipment
3. Advice on suitablitly of plant capacity
4. Advice on performance improvements

20. Air Conditioning Inspections
Access Requirements are required to inspect the following:-
1. Plant rooms
2. Outside the building
3. Rooftops
4. Other locations with limited access
5. Ceiling voids – sampling ducts/fan coils etc.
Building owner/manager to agree access.
Health and Safety risk assessment of situation completed.
Energy assessor may need to be accompanied.

21. Air Conditioning Inspections
Scope of Work that Does NOT Cover:-
1. Identification of system hazards
2. Unsafe aspects of the installation
3. Fixing of any identified problems
Client should be aware of:-
1. Clearly specify need for work in the invitation.
2. Ensure that the assessor is competent.
3. Agree any additional scope of work within the framework of the contract.

22. Advisory Report
What Should the Client Expect from the Advisory report?
1. Basic energy efficiency improvement and information.
2. Advice on efficiency/effectiveness covering those improvements.
Client Acting on the advice provided would produce:-
1. immediately improvements to efficiency;
2. reduction in the operating cost of the system.
The purpose of the inspection and report is to ensure that building owners or
managers are provided with basic information regarding the efficiency of the
air-conditioning systems that they control, together with advice on how the
energy effi ciency or effectiveness of these systems might be improved.
Acting on the advice in the inspection report and rectifying faults or making
appropriate improvements, where this is attractive and cost effective, may
result in immediate improvements to the effectiveness of air-conditioning
systems or reduce the operating costs.
In some cases the costs of providing both heating and cooling may be
reduced, in cases where these two systems are unnecessarily in use at the
same time due to inappropriate controls or settings.
In many cases it will be clear that the building and systems are already well
understood, documented and commissioned, with records available showing
that the equipment has been regularly maintained to a good standard.
In such cases an energy inspection could be reduced in extent and the
inspection report brief, with the main content advising on opportunities
for load reduction or on alternative solutions not previously considered.
However, in other cases the energy assessor may fi nd it necessary to suggest
relatively basic maintenance, such as cleaning or repairs, to equipment whose
effi ciency has evidently suffered through neglect.
Cleaning operations or adjustments to controls do not form part of the
inspection procedure, even where they might be carried out simply and
with signifi cant immediate effect in improving effi ciency. The inspection
is not intended, or expected, to involve any physical work of this nature
as this could change the level of professional risk to the energy assessor.
Authority to carry out such work would need to be given as part of
a separate arrangement by the building owner or manager provided the
Energy Assessor has the necessary competence to do this work. However,
the building owner, manager or their representative may well be able to
carry out some alterations themselves as the energy inspection is carried out,
provided they agree with the assessor’s observations.
Most reports are likely to contain advice with a combination of simple
low or no cost measures and measures where some investment may be
required either to apply the measures, or to investigate the potential to
apply measures in more detail. The manager should also be provided with,
or informed how to obtain, access to advice on the ongoing management of
the systems, particularly that contained in existing free publications such as
the Carbon Trust’s Good Practice Guides.

23. Practical Application
Determining the Size of the Air-Conditioning System:-
Effective output of air-conditioning unit or system will be provided by the air conditioning assessor?
1. unit rating plate information;
2. O&M manual, Building Log Book, Health & Safety File information;
3. manufacturer’s website details
4. maintenance contractor supplied records.
If there is doubt whether building reaches threshold:-
1. determine installed capacity by appropriate inspection, calculation and enquiries.
2. For more specialised buildings, you may need to consult a suitably qualified person on a case by case basis.

24. Practical Application
Likely areas for activities which may have >12kW Cooling (combined)
Cooling requirements depend on a wide variety of circumstances:-
fabric, location, orientation, activities, occupancy.
Older systems may have higher rated outputs for a given floor area.
A typical guide only!!!

25. Practical Application
Control of Equipment

26. Practical Application
Multiple Small Systems in a Building

27. Practical Application
Equipment Under Single Control in Separate Buildings

28. Practical Application
Equipment Under Single Control in Separate Buildings

29. Practical Application
Refrigeration Provided Soley For Process Applications

30. Practical Application
Cooling capacity and refrigeration combined for process applications and comfort

31. Practical Application
Cooling Capacity, Where Occupants Benefit From Additional Cooling Capacity

32. Air Conditioning Facts

33. Air Conditioning By UK Sectors
TYPICAL OFFICE

34. Electricity Prices

35. Electricity Prices

36. Gas Prices

37. Typical Office Fuel Carbon Intensities (kgCO2/kWh) Electricity 0.55
Smokeless Fuel
0.392
Anthracite
0.317
Coal
0.291
Oil
0.265
LPG
0.234
Natural Gas
0.194
Bio-gas
0.025
Bio-mass

38. Targets

39. Reference Material
“Improving the energy efficiency of our buildings – A guide to air-conditioning inspections for buildings”, Department for Communities and Local Government, July 2008 “Improving the energy efficiency of our buildings – Local weights and measures guide to Energy Certificates and air-conditioning inspections for buildings”, Department for Communities and Local Government, October 2008 “Improving the energy efficiency of our buildings – Energy Certificates and air-conditioning inspections for our buildings”, Department for Communities and Local Government, 2008 “A guide for businesses – Reducing the energy usage and carbon emissions from your air conditioning systems”, Department for Communities and Local Government, 2007 DIRECTIVE 2002/91/EC Of The European Parliament And Of The Council on the “Energy Performance of Buildings” “Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases Regulations 2008”, Statutory Instrument 2008 No.41, Office of Public Sector Information

40. LEVEL 3 Air Conditioning ENERGY ASSESSORS TRAINING
ANY QUESTIONS OR FEEDBACK ON ANY SLIDE
Any questions or clarity needed over this topic and slides 40

41. Contacts:- STROMA Certification Ltd – Contacts Web Links
Contacts:-
STROMA Certification Ltd.
4 Pioneer Way, Castleford, WF10 5QU

42. Test 1. - Legislation Paper – 5 questions
End of this section
Test 1. - Legislation Paper – 5 questions