1. The Health Benefits of Physical Activity
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Concept 4
The Health Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity and good physical fitness can reduce the risk of illness and contribute to optimal health and wellness.
© 2013 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
McGraw-Hill
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2. Presentation Overview
Hypokinetic diseases
Risk factors
Cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Health/wellness benefits of PA
PA & aging
Hyperkinetic conditions
Discussion Activity

3. Physical Activity & Health
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Physical Activity & Health
What physical activity can do for health
Reduces risks of many chronic diseases
Promotes weight control
Slows premature aging
Improves quality of life
…many more!
Physical activity is not a panacea for all medical conditions, but it is probably the single best thing individuals can do for their health.
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4. How can PA and good fitness contribute to optimal health/wellness?
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
How can PA and good fitness contribute to optimal health/wellness?
Aid in disease/illness prevention
Significant contributors to disease/illness treatment
Methods of health/wellness promotion
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5. Hypokinetic Conditions
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Hypokinetic Conditions
Cardiovascular disease
CHD #1 cause of death
Stroke #3
Cancer (#2)
Back problems
Obesity
Diabetes
Osteoporosis
Mental health
What is SeDS?
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6. Factors that CANNOT be Altered
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Factors that CANNOT be Altered
Age
Heredity
Gender
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7. Factors that CAN be Altered
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Factors that CAN be Altered
Physical activity
Diet
Stress
Tobacco use
Body (fatness)
Blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure
Reducing your risk of diseases
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8. Cardiovascular Disease
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Cardiovascular Disease
Coronary heart disease (CHD)
#1 cause of death
Stroke
#3 cause of death
Lab 4a information
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9. Modifiable Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Modifiable Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease
Smoking
Hypertension
Hypercholesterolemia
Physical inactivity
Overweight / overfat
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10. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
PA & the Healthy Heart
Produces a strong heart muscle
Promotes good collateral circulation
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11. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
PA & Atherosclerosis
Lowers blood lipid levels
Increases HDL cholesterol (“good cholesterol”)
Reduces fibrin deposits (blood coagulation)
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12. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Activity Reduces Coronary Heart Disease Risk
It takes only a moderate amount of physical activity to reduce health risks of CHD.
CHD RISK
Level of Physical Activity
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13. PA & Other Cardiovascular Diseases
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
PA & Other Cardiovascular Diseases
Reduced risk of high blood pressure (hypertension)
Reduced risk of stroke
Prevention of peripheral vascular disease
Reduction in CVD deaths
Associated with metabolic syndrome
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14. Metabolic Syndrome (Syndrome X)
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Metabolic Syndrome (Syndrome X)
Opposite of metabolic fitness (as discussed in Concept 1)
≥3 of the following:
BP >130/85
Fasting blood sugar level of ≥100
Blood triglycerides of ≥150
Low blood HDL level (<40 for men and <50 women)
High abdominal circumference (≥40” for men or 35” for women)
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15. Physical Activity & Other Hypokinetic Conditions
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Physical Activity & Other Hypokinetic Conditions
Cancer
Diabetes
Musculoskeletal Problems
Obesity
Emotional Health
Immune System
Alzheimer’s Disease & Dementia
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16. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Cancer
#2 cause of death
There are various types of cancer but they are all characterized by abnormal, uncontrolled cell growth.
The abnormal cells divide, forming malignant tumors (carcinomas).
If the abnormal cells reach the blood, they can spread, causing tumors elsewhere in the body.
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17. Activity Reduces the Risk of Some Cancers
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Activity Reduces the Risk of Some Cancers
Reduced transit time
Decreased risk of colo-rectal cancer
Reduced levels of hormones
Decreased risk of breast cancer and some reproductive cancers
Improved immune system
Reduced levels of body fat
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18. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Back Problems
80% of the population will experience back pain at some point in their life
Back problems are a major cause of inactivity in adults
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19. Activity Reduces Risk of Back Pain
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Activity Reduces Risk of Back Pain
Improves flexibility of joints and ligaments
Improves musculoskeletal strength and endurance
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20. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Obesity
Over half of the population in the United States is considered to be overweight
Obesity increases the risk of many other diseases
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21. Activity Promotes Weight Control
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Activity Promotes Weight Control
Burns calories
Increases rate of metabolism
Promotes fat loss and preserves muscle
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22. Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
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Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Type I (juvenile onset)
Pancreas fails to produce insulin
Type 2 (adult onset)
Lack of sensitivity to insulin
Often caused by obesity
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23. Activity Reduces Risks of Diabetes
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Activity Reduces Risks of Diabetes
Type 1
Reduced disease risk
Increased quality of life
Type 2
Decreased insulin requirement
Reduced fatness
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24. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Osteoporosis
Progressive loss of bone mineral density
Occurs commonly in old age
Occurs at an earlier age and more frequently in women than men
Factors associated with osteoporosis
Loss of sex hormones
Low calcium levels
Physical inactivity
High protein intake
Smoking
Caffeine
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25. Physical Activity Reduces Risk of Osteoporosis
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Physical Activity Reduces Risk of Osteoporosis
Increases peak bone mass
Slows decline in bone mass
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26. Physical Activity Improves Emotional Health
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Physical Activity Improves Emotional Health
Reduced depression
Reduced anxiety
Improved sleep (greater ability to relax)
Increased self-esteem
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27. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
PA & Immune Function
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28. PA & Alzheimer's Disease
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
PA & Alzheimer's Disease
Factors relating to heart health also contribute to brain health.
Studies indicate that PA and challenging mental activities are especially important among the lifestyle factors involved in maintaining brain health and preventing Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.
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29. Physical Activity & Aging
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Physical Activity & Aging
Slows aging
Acquired aging (related to lifestyle)
Compression of morbidity
Time-dependent aging cannot be altered
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30. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Activity Aging Cycle
Decrease Physical
Activity
Gain Weight
Physical
Lose Energy
Deterioration
Perceive
Self As Old
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31. Physical Activity & Wellness
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Physical Activity & Wellness
Good physical fitness:
helps you enjoy leisure
helps you work more effectively and efficiently
keeps body functioning effectively
is the basis for dynamic and creative activity
can help you function safely and meet emergencies
PA – major part of most employee health promotion programs
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32. Hyperkinetic Conditions
Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Hyperkinetic Conditions
Overuse injuries
Muscles
Connective tissue
Bones
Anorexia nervosa
Body neurosis
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33. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
PA as “medicine”
Exercise is Medicine (EIM)
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34. Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 8e
McGraw Hill -
Summary
Regular physical activity and good fitness can promote good health, help prevent disease, and be a part of disease treatment and health promotion.
Too many adults suffer from hypokinetic diseases.
Many factors are under your control (lifestyles).
End of presentation
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35. Return to Presentation
Discussion Activity
Why do you think we have an entire chapter on the health benefits of PA?