1. PERCEPTION FILTER

3. Four Level Graphic Analysis: Lee’s Migration Model
Level 1: Identification (What is it?)
Lee’s Migration Model (A Graphic Model)

4. Four Level Graphic Analysis: Lee’s Migration Model
Level 2: PARTS (What are the parts of the Model?)
Potential Migrant,
Origin,
Destination,
PUSH and PULL factors at both origin AND destination,
intervening obstacles,
intervening opportunities,
perception filter

5. Four Level Graphic Analysis: Lee’s Migration Model
Level 3: THEME (How do the parts work together)
Key part of Lee’s model is HUMAN DECISION MAKING.
Decision to migrate is a PERSONAL DECISION based on balancing push and pull factors at both origin and destination. (Not all bad at origin, not all good at destination)
Ravenstein: only WHY of migration is ECONOMIC.
Lee: No, the why of migration is complex (many push/pulls) AND personal (different migrants will make different decision based on exact same circumstances.

6. Question 1 (on back): Is a potential emigrant more likely to accurately perceive the push/pull factors of his country of origin or his country of destination? Why?

7. Question 1 (on back): Is a potential emigrant more likely to accurately perceive the push/pull factors of his country of origin or his country of destination? Why?
“There is always an element of ignorance or even mystery about the area of destination, and there must always be some uncertainty with regard to the reception of the migrant in the new area. This is particularly true with international migration.”
- Everett Lee

8. Question 2: Might a negative factor (discouraging migration) for one person be perceived as a positive factor for someone else? Give two examples.

9. Question 2: Might a negative factor (discouraging migration) for one person be perceived as a positive factor for someone else? Give two examples.
A person of a given race, ethnicity, or religion may consider a place where people like him are the majority a more attractive destination than someone else who would be a minority there and possibly face hostility or discrimination.
One person may consider a dry, warm climate a positive while another might consider the same climate a negative.
A man from a patriarchal (male dominated) society may view another patriarchal society positively while a woman seeking greater gender equality would consider such a destination negatively.
A migrant with certain skills would consider a destination with a demand for those skills more attractive than would a migrant without those skills.

10. Question 3: Give examples of how each of the following factors might influence how a potential emigrant might perceive push/pull factors or be able to overcome an intervening obstacle (this is called migration selectivity):
age:
gender:
educational level:
economic status ($$):

11. Question 3: Give examples of how each of the following factors might influence how a potential emigrant might perceive push/pull factors or be able to overcome an intervening obstacle (this is called migration selectivity):
age: fewer family ties/responsibilities, fewer ties to existing job, less stuff to carry, good health makes moving easier, better job prospects, physical obstacles to migration may be perceived as less difficult, more capable of learning language and other abrupt life changes, They may over evaluate the positive elements of the place and underestimate the negative.

12. Question 3: Give examples of how each of the following factors might influence how a potential emigrant might perceive push/pull factors or be able to overcome an intervening obstacle (this is called migration selectivity):
gender: Women with children make migration more difficult, men may have better job prospects in patriarchal cultures, women in patriarchal cultures CAN’T choose to migrate.

13. Question 3: Give examples of how each of the following factors might influence how a potential emigrant might perceive push/pull factors or be able to overcome an intervening obstacle (this is called migration selectivity):
educational level: More educated migrants may find language less of a barrier to migration, may be more welcome by host county's immigration laws (H1B visa program), may be better informed about their destination, may have more skills and therefore better employment prospects (US college grads twice as likely to move as HS drop outs).

14. Question 3: Give examples of how each of the following factors might influence how a potential emigrant might perceive push/pull factors or be able to overcome an intervening obstacle (this is called migration selectivity):
economic status ($$): Wealthier migrants may better able to absorb cost of migration, or they may be more welcome by host country's immigration laws

15. Four Level Graphic Analysis: Lee’s Migration Model
Level 4: TAKEAWAYS???
What did you learn?
What surprised you?
What will you remember as main point or coolest thing?

16. Four Level Graphic Analysis: Lee’s Migration Model
Level 4: TAKEAWAYS
Migration is complex (many push/pulls) and personal (different people view same push/pull factors) differently.
Migration Selectivity=Age, gender, social class (wealth) all affect how someone will respond to push/pull factors AND will affect their ability to overcome intervening obstacles