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Ch 9.2 Domains and Kingdoms

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1 Ch 9.2 Domains and Kingdoms
KEY CONCEPT The current tree of life has three domains.

2 Classification is always a work in progress.
The tree of life shows our most current understanding. New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Animalia and Plantae Animalia Plantae

3 Classification is always a work in progress.
The tree of life shows our most current understanding. New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Animalia and Plantae Plantae Animalia 1866: all single-celled organisms moved to kingdom Protista Protista

4 Classification is always a work in progress.
The tree of life shows our most current understanding. New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Animalia and Plantae Animalia Protista Plantae 1866: all single-celled organisms moved to kingdom Protista 1938: prokaryotes moved to kingdom Monera Monera

5 Classification is always a work in progress.
The tree of life shows our most current understanding. New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Animalia and Plantae Protista Plantae Animalia 1866: all single-celled organisms moved to kingdom Protista 1938: prokaryotes moved to kingdom Monera Fungi 1959: fungi moved to own kingdom Monera

6 Classification is always a work in progress.
The tree of life shows our most current understanding. New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Animalia and Plantae Animalia Protista Fungi Plantae 1866: all single-celled organisms moved to kingdom Protista 1938: prokaryotes moved to kingdom Monera Archea Bacteria 1959: fungi moved to own kingdom 1977: kingdom Monera split into kingdoms Bacteria and Archaea

7 The three domains in the tree of life are Bacteria (Eubacteria), Archaea (Archaebacteria), and Eukarya. Domains are above the kingdom level.

8 Domain Bacteria includes prokaryotes in the kingdom Bacteria.
Single-celled organisms, no nucleus or membrane bound organelles. one of largest groups on Earth classified by shape, need for oxygen, and diseases caused

9 Domain Archaea includes prokaryotes in the kingdom Archaea.
cell walls chemically different from bacteria differences discovered by studying RNA known for living in extreme environments

10 Eukaryotes – multi cellular, larger than
single cell organisms, nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Most organisms you see with your naked eye.

11 Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes.
kingdom Protista Kingdom Batista

12 Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes.
kingdom Protista kingdom Plantae

13 Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes.
kingdom Protista kingdom Plantae kingdom Fungi

14 Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes.
kingdom Protista kingdom Plantae kingdom Fungi kingdom Animalia

15 Bacteria and archaea can be difficult to classify.
transfer genes among themselves outside of reproduction blurs the line between “species” more research needed to understand prokaryotes bridge to transfer DNA


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