1. The Nature of Groups

2. What is a group?
“A small collection of people who interact with each other, usually face to face, over time in order to reach goals.”

3. Components Interaction amongst members Interdependence Time Size
Three people to seven to 20
Smallest number capable of performing the task

4. Goals of groups Individual goals
Task orientation: getting the job done
Social orientation:
Sense of belonging
Exercise influence
Gain liking

5. Goals of Groups, cont. Group goals
Individuals goals must match group goals
Hidden agenda

6. Types of Groups Learning groups Growth groups Problem solving groups
Social groups

7. Characteristics of Groups
Rules: explicit, officially stated guidelines
Norms: unstated rules
Social norms
Procedural norms
Task norms

8. Characteristics of Groups, cont.
Roles: norms define group standards, while roles govern behavior
Formal roles: assigned to establish order
Informal roles
Task roles: helps group accomplish goals
Social roles: maintenance, concerned with relationships

9. Pattern of Interaction
All channel Network
Wheel Network
Chain Network

10. Decision Making Methods
Consensus: all members of a group support a decision
Majority rule
Expert opinion
Minority control
Authority rule

11. Culture & Group Communication
Individualism vs. Collectivism
Power distance: degree to which members are willing to accept a difference in power and status among members
Uncertainty avoidance
Task vs. Social Orientation
Short vs. Long Term Orientation