1. THE VEINS OF THE BODY
Dr. Nabil Khouri

2. Systemic Circulation:
1. superior vena cava drains a. azygos system b. right and left brachiocephalic veins c. internal jugular and subclavian vein d. external jugular and axillary e. cephalic vein (superficial) and brachial vein (deep) which drains radial, ulnar, median cubital and basilic veins

3. Cranial Circulation:
cranial venous sinuses

4. Dural sinuses Cavernous sinuses Drain the veins of the brain
Dangerous if trauma
Come together as sigmoid sinus – becomes Internal Jugular vein
Exits skull through jugular foramen

5. Internal jugular veins
Drain most of blood from brain
Run lateral to internal then common carotid
At base of neck joins subclavian v. to form brachiocephalic v.
External jugulars – drain some of scalp & face

7. Azygos system drains the thorax:
Note that unlike the arteries, the veins have a brachiocephalic on the right and left sides

10. Deep veins of upper limbs follow arteries, most of them double to one artery
Superficial veins: see pic
Blood drawn from median cubital vein in antecubital fossa

11. Antecubital Fossa Form anastomese frequently
Median cubital vein is used to obtain blood or administer IV fluids

14. Systemic Veins 3 major vessels enter Right Atrium:
SVC (superior vena cava)
IVC (inferior vena cava)
Coronary sinus
Many veins are very superficial (unlike arteries)
Venous plexuses (networks of anastomoses and parallel veins) are very common
Head and hepatic portal systems are unusual

15. Inferior vena cava drains. a. hepatic vein. b. phrenic vein. c
Inferior vena cava drains a. hepatic vein b. phrenic vein c. paired renal veins d. paired gonadal veins

16. Body wall veins
parallel the
arteries.

18. Veins Of The Right Lower Limb And Pelvis
Popliteal vein
Common iliac vein
Fibular (peroneal) vein
Anterior tibial vein
Dorsalis pedis vein
Dorsal venous arch
Metatarsal veins
Internal iliac vein
External iliac vein
Inguinal ligament
Femoral vein
Great saphenous
vein (superficial)
Great saphenous vein
Small saphenous vein
(superficial)
Posterior tibial vein
Plantar veins
Plantar arch
Digital veins
(a)

19. Leg veins Names similar to arteries
Femoral becomes external iliac after crossing under inguinal ligament
External iliac joins with internal iliac to form common iliac vein
_________used for grafting in coronary
artery bypass grafts: is the longest vein in the body

21. Paired common iliac veins which drain. (1) paired internal iliac veins
Paired common iliac veins which drain (1) paired internal iliac veins (2) paired external iliac veins which drain (a) femoral veins which drain 1. popliteal veins which drain a. Peroneal vein b. Anterior and posterior tibial veins (b) great saphenous veins

24. Superior mesenteric and splenic veins join to form hepatic portal vein, which goes up into liver
Inferior mesenteric empties into the splenic vein
Kind of confusing… * *

26. Tributaries of hepatic portal vein:
-superior mesenteric vein
-splenic vein
-inferior mesenteric vein
Hepatic portal system
Picks up digested nutrients from stomach & intestines and delivers them to liver for processing and storage
Storage of nutrients
Detoxification of toxins, drugs, etc.
Two capillary beds
Route: artery to capillaries of gut to hepatic portal vein to liver’s capillaries to hepatic vein to IVC

28. Fetal Circulation
The one umbilical vein brings blood which has been to the placenta for oxygenation (by gas diffusion from mom’s blood)
The pair of umbilical arteries (branches from baby’s internal iliac arteries) carry blood to placenta to pick up oxygen and nutrients
Fetal heart starts beating at 21 days post conception