1. Classification of Matter

2. Today we will… Explain how scientists classify matter.
Identify the classifications of matter

3. How Do We Classify Matter?
Scientists like to classify…
They classify matter according to its composition (what is it made up of).
All matter can be classified as elements, compounds or mixtures.

4. Pure Substances-Cannot be separated by physical means
Element- when all the atoms in a substance are alike
Compound- a substance with 2 or more elements combined.

5. Elements
An element is the basic ingredient out of which everything else is made.
Elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances during physical or chemical interactions.

6. Compounds
A compound is a special combination of two or more different elements. A compound can be broken down into elements during a chemical interaction.
Most elements combine with others to form compounds.

7. Table 1: Elements and Compounds
Single Substance
What happens during a chemical interaction?
Compound or Element?
pure water
Water breaks down into two elements (hydrogen and oxygen)
aluminum
Aluminum cannot break down into a simpler substance.
carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide breaks down into two elements (carbon and oxygen)
charcoal
Charcoal cannot break down into a simpler substance.
helium
Helium cannot break down into a simpler substance.
sugar
Sugar breaks down into three elements (carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen)

8. Mixture-
two or more substances that are not chemically combined can be easily separated by physical means

9. A trumpet is made of brass which is a mixture of zinc and copper
A chocolate chip cookie is a mixture of two or more substances.

10. Mixtures can be either…
Heterogeneous mixture—mixture of different materials
Homogeneous mixture—contains two or more substances blended evenly; also called a solution

11. Two types of Homogeneous Mixtures
Solutions
Colloids

12. A solution is a mixture that has the same composition throughout

13. A solute is a substance that is dissolved in another substance.

14. A solvent is a substance that the solute dissolves in.

15. A colloid is a mixture in which particles are mixed but not dissolved.

16. One type of Heterogeneous Mixture
A suspension is… a mixture that has visible pieces of one material “floating” in another supporting material.
a mixture that has visible pieces of one material “floating” in another supporting material. 16

17. Table One: Observations of Mixtures
Object
Description
Susp or Sol?
Styrofoam
Small pieces next to each other. Big unorganized heap.
Wood
Lines in the wood grain. Different colors. Some air pockets.
Brass
Shiny parts where the brass appears to be scratched and to some spots that look green or black. No real separation of copper and zinc
Muddy River Water
Mud is seen floating around in the water.
Tabasco
Tiny red specks in the liquid
Salt Water
No visible sign of different objects. Definitely no pieces of salt.

18. Styrofoam

19. Wood

20. Brass

21. Tabasco

22. Salt Water

23. Table One: Observations of Mixtures
Object
Description
Susp or Sol?
Styrofoam
Small pieces next to each other. Big unorganized heap.
SUSP
Wood
Lines in the wood grain. Different colors. Some air pockets.
Brass
Shiny parts where the brass appears to be scratched and to some spots that look green or black. No real separation of copper and zinc
SOL
Muddy River Water
Mud is seen floating around in the water.
Tabasco
Tiny red specks in the liquid
Salt Water
No visible sign of different objects. Definitely no pieces of salt.