1. Chapter 9 Section 1 Review
Use your reading material or study sheet to find the answers
If you answer correctly, I’ll give you a surprise
RAISE YOUR HAND to answer a question
Chapter 9 Section 1 Review

2. What were the three branches of the Roman Republic?
Legislative
Judicial
Executive
What were the three branches of the Roman Republic?

3. The Punic Wars were a series of…
Two wars
Four wars
Five wars
Three wars
The Punic Wars were a series of…

4. What year did Romulus make Rome’s border?
753 B.C
What year did Romulus make Rome’s border?

5. Preview Warm-up question: What can peace bring?
Look at the vocabulary words on pg. 246
What (or who) do you think this section is about?
Circle any words you don’t understand
Highlight all the words under Terms and Names
Highlight the key questions in each chapter
Warm-up question: What can peace bring?
Preview

6. Rome Becomes an Empire
Chapter 9 Section 2

7. KQ: What led to conflict in Rome?
Wealthy Romans neglected civic duty and only wanted to gain power, making the gap between rich and poor increase.
Reforms Fail Reformers wanted to break up estates and give land to the poor, but the wealthy people felt threatened
Civil War Generals became rich and hired farmers to be soldiers, who gave the their loyalty to them (generals), not the republic. Generals wanted more power, which led to civil war.
Conflicts at Home

8. Conflicts at Home Who fought the civil war? Who won the civil war?
KQ: What led to conflict in Rome?
Who fought the civil war?
The plebeians and patricians
Who won the civil war?
The patricians
What year did they win?
82 B.C.
Who became the dictator of Rome?
Sulla
Conflicts at Home

9. Julius Caesar What was Caesar known for? Who did he help?
KQ: What were some of Caesar’s accomplishments?
What was Caesar known for?
Being a general, politician, dictator
Who did he help?
The plebeians (common people)
Who was against/opposed to him?
The Senate and wealthy, especially Cicero
Julius Caesar

10. Julius Caesar Dictator For Life
KQ: What were some of Caesar’s accomplishments?
Dictator For Life
Before 46 B.C. The Senate wanted Caesar to break up his army, but Caesar led the army to Italy and fought for Rome
In 46 B.C. He returned to Rome and became the sole (only) ruler in Rome
In 44 B.C. He was named dictator for life (6 months max)
Julius Caesar

11. Julius Caesar Caesar’s Reform
KQ: What were some of Caesar’s accomplishments?
Caesar’s Reform
Even though Caesar was an absolute ruler (someone who has total control over every citizen), these were his reforms:
Expanded the Senate
Enforced laws against crime
Created jobs for the poor
Julius Caesar

12. Julius Caesar Assassination and Legacy
KQ: What were some of Caesar’s accomplishments?
Assassination and Legacy
What happened on March B.C.?
Caesar was assassinated by senators
Why was Caesar assassinated?
Senators were afraid of his power (that he would become king)
Julius Caesar

13. KQ: What happened to Rome after Caesar’s death?
Many Roman rulers struggled to keep power, which led to another civil war that ended the Roman Republic
In 27 B.C., Octavian became the ruler of Rome and changed his name to Augustus
Emperors Rule Rome

14. Emperors Rule Rome Augustus Rebuilds Rome
KQ: What happened to Rome after Caesar’s death?
Augustus Rebuilds Rome
Restored the republican government: Augustus had control over consuls, senators, and tribunes
Made civil services: like tax collectors, postal service, and grain supply; Brought provinces under control and kept the army strong
Rebuilt and beautified Rome: Made the city nicer and better
Emperors Rule Rome

15. Emperors Rule Rome The Roman Peace A Strong Government
KQ: What happened to Rome after Caesar’s death?
The Roman Peace
Augustus brought many years of peace to Rome called “Pax Romana (Roman Peace) that lasted for 200 years
A Strong Government
Pax Romana continued after Augustus died in A.D. 14
Romans built empire to Mesopotamia, Spain, North Africa, and Britain
Emperors Rule Rome

16. Emperors Rule Rome The economy’s growth made it hard for rich and poor
KQ: What happened to Rome after Caesar’s death?
Agriculture What was the most economic activity in the empire?
Agriculture, through trade and local grow
Trade What continents did Rome do most trade with?
Europe, Africa, and Asia
Currency How did currency make trading easy?
Traders could buy and sell items without changing money to another kind of currency
The economy’s growth made it hard for rich and poor
Emperors Rule Rome

17. Announcement~ Section 9.2 Quiz on Thursday, 9/3 Open notes
Bring your reading!~
Announcement~

18. Announcement~ Section 9.2 Quiz on Wednesday, 9/2 Open notes
Bring your reading!~
Announcement~

19. Key Questions and Quiz Topics
What led to conflict in Rome?
Who fought the war?
When did the war end?
What were some of Caesar’s accomplishments?
How did Caesar become dictator
What were Caesar’s reforms?
Caesar’s assassination
What happened to Rome after Caesar’s death?
Augustus’ reforms
Key Questions and Quiz Topics