1. Causes Of Migration
IB SL

2. What Is Migration?
The movement of people, involving a permanent (>1 year) change of residence.
Migration can be internal (local/regional) or external (international).
Migration can also be voluntary or forced.

3. MIGRATION Definition of migration:
Migration is the movement of people across a national or international boundary.
The United Nations defines it as a ‘permanent’ change of residence lasting more than one year.
Migration occurrence:
Migration has occurred throughout the history of humankind.
The world’s population is more mobile than ever before because of advances in and the reduced cost of transport and communication.
One in every 35 people lives outside the country of their birth.

4. People living in poor conditions.
MIGRATION
Factors prompting migration:
Push factors.
These are poor conditions where people live which encourage or force them to leave.
Pull factors.
In contrast to push factors, these are good conditions at a place people are thinking of moving to.
Intervening obstacles.
These are the difficulties that people face when they attempt to migrate.
MIGRATION PUSH FACTOR
People living in poor conditions.

5. TOP DESTINATIONS OF REMITTANCES $Bn (2001)
MIGRATION
Migrations can be classed as either:
TOP DESTINATIONS OF REMITTANCES $Bn (2001)
Forced.
Voluntary.
Labour related migration:
Much recent migration has been ‘labour-related’ – people moving to find work.
Remittances.
This is the money sent home to their families by migrants working in another region or country.
Source: World Bank; IMF. Text and Research by John D. Sparks, 2001.

6. How Do We Measure Migration?
Migration is the movement of people
It is classified by such indices as
Distance travelled
Reason for travel
Period of time of travel
Volume of migrants

7. MATCH THE FLAG TO IT’S MEANING AND WRITE IT IN YOUR BOOKS
VOLUNTARY MIGRATON
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATON
PUSH FACTOR
INVOLUNTARY MIGRATON
Moving from one country to another
Being forced to move from a place
Wanting to move to a place
Attracts people to migrate
Makes people want to move away from a place
Moving within a country
A person moves to a country without permission
PULL FACTOR
ILLEGAL IMMIGRANT
NATIONAL MIGRATON

8. A simple explanation to migration
Push and Pull
Negative factors in the place you live are enough to encourage you to move to another place that attracts you – these can be real such as job opportunities or perceived ‘ how you imagine a place to be even though you have never been there!

10. Activity
Look at the next slide and copy the layout onto an A4 sheet of paper and list possible reasons for each of the different types of migration.

11. Types Of Migration
Long Term Internal Permanent External Short Term Seasonal Daily Temporary

12. Rural-Urban Migration/ Counterurbanisation
Copy and complete the following table to show the Push and Pull factors of Rural-Urban Migration and Counterurbanisation...
Rural-Urban Migration
Counterurbanisation
Push
Pull