1. Urbanisation
IB SL

2. An Urban area is a city or a town
Definition
An Urban area is a city or a town

3. Other Definitions
Counter-Urbanisation: The movement of population away from inner-urban areas to new towns on the fringe areas.
Re-Urbanisation: Development of activities to increase residential population density. Within the built-up area.
Suburb: A residential city just outside the boundaries of a city.

4. Other Definitions
Suburbanisation: The outward growth of towns and cities to engulf surrounding villages and rural areas.
Urban Sprawl: The unplanned and uncontrolled expansion of an urban area into the surrounding countryside.

5. Urbanisation
This is where rural areas (countryside) are becoming urban.
It will involve an increase in the absolute (and usually percentage of) population living in the urban area.
The urban area will also grow in size to cover a greater physical area and there will be a move away from primary employment to secondary and later, tertiary.
An urban area can grow by two processes. Firstly, it will grow as a result of natural increase and secondly, as a result of net migration.

6. Urban Classifications
Urban areas are defined by...
Population size.
Characteristics such as a CBD and residential zones.
Predominant economic activities.
An administrative function.

7. MEDC’s and LEDC’s
The developed world (MEDC’s) has experienced Urbanisation for hundreds of years. In the UK, this was largely following the Industrial Revolution in late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Population density is lower than in the developing world. Growth in cities in developed world cities has largely stabilised, but there are still many issues which need addressing.
Urbanisation is a more recent phenomenon in the developing world (LEDC’s). The growth over the past fifty years of many developing world cities has had major implications for the people living there and their management. Population density is very high.

8. Top 10 Rank City Population 1 Mexico City 31 2 Sao Paulo 26 3 Tokyo 24
Shanghai 5
New York 23 6
Rio de Janeiro 19 7
Bombay 17 8
Calcutta 16 9
Seoul 14 10
Delhi 12

9. A Million City
The number of million cities in the developing world will continue to increase.
'A million city' is one which has reached a population of one million plus.
There are reasons for growth as well as problems and solutions which we will look at next lesson...

10. Activity 1
Using Essential AS Geography P , answer the following questions…
Define the terms: Urban and Urbanisation.
What are the main features of global urbanisation from the 1920’s to present day?
Why can data on levels of urbanisation be unreliable?

11. Activity 2
Using AS Level Geography P , answer the following question…
Explain the likely problems caused by industrialisation and urban growth in Preston in the 1930’s.