1. Regulation

2. Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Central Nervous System
IT IS THE CONTROL CENTER
Peripheral Nervous System
Central Nervous System
EX: All the nerves in your body that does not include Brain or Spinal cord
EX: Brain &
Spinal Cord

3. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)
BRAIN
SPINAL CORD
a) 5 Regions
of the Brain
b) Each region functions to coordinate life activities
a) Protected by vertebral
column
b) REFLEXES are processed
here

4. Peripheral NS
Relays information from the environment (your sensory organs)
BRINGS messages from your sensory organs to the Central Nervous System (CNS)
Receives commands FROM the Central Nervous System (CNS)

5. MESSAGE FROM SENSORY ORGANS TO CNS MESSAGE FROM CNS TO MUSCLES/GLANDS
Peripheral NS (PNS)
Sensory Nervous
System
Motor Nervous System
INGOING
OUTGOING
MESSAGE FROM SENSORY ORGANS TO CNS
MESSAGE FROM CNS TO MUSCLES/GLANDS

6. Reflexes REFLEX- is a QUICK AUTOMATIC responses to a stimulus
EX: blinking
FUNCTION of REFLEX: It is protective, and allows the body to respond to danger IMMEDIATELY
NO THINKING INVOLVED

7. A Reflex Arc is how a reflex works

8. 2. Sensory Neuron takes that impulse (message) to an Interneuron
1. A stimulus is sensed by a RECEPTOR
2. Sensory Neuron takes that impulse (message) to an Interneuron
3. The Interneuron (at the spinal cord)
4. The Interneuron sends the impulse to a Motor Neuron
5. Motor Neuron EFFECTOR

9. RECEPTOR SENSORY NEURON INTERNEURON MOTOR NUERON EFFECTOR
(CONNECTOR)
MOTOR NUERON
EFFECTOR
(EX. LEG MUSCLE)

10. STOP

11. NEURONS NEURONS- ARE THE FUNCTIONAL UNIT OFTHE NERVOUS SYSTEM
It’s how messages are carried

12. 3 Types of Neurons
1) Sensory Neuron
2) Motor Neuron
3) Interneuron

13. Labeling Neuron Parts
Dendrites: CARRY impulses TOWARD the Cell body

14. AXON: carries impulses AWAY

15. Myelin Sheath: is lipid on the axon. It makes the impulse “JUMP”

16. Axon Terminals: the swollen parts of the Axon
It carries NEUROTRANSMITTERS

17. Neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitter- is a chemical that is released from the axon terminals
Examples of Neurotransmitters are Seratonin or dopamine

18. Neurotransmitters are released from axon terminals, and transmit the impulse (message) across the Synapse
A synapse is where a neuron can transfer an impulse to another neuron

20. attach to receptors on the next Neurotransmitters are released
Steps of an Impulse
Axon
Axon Terminal
Dendrite
Neurotransmitters
attach to receptors on the next
neurons dendrite
Neurotransmitters are released
across synapse

21. STOP

22. Giants - Part 1 - Pituitary Gigantism and Acromegaly - YouTube

23. Endocrine System
Endocrine System: made up of glands that release hormones into the blood
Hormones: Chemicals that travel through the bloodstream, and BIND TO SPECIFIC CHEMICAL RECEPTORS

24. HORMONES HORMONES affect activities of other cells
2 Categories of Hormones:
1) Steroid
2) Non-steroid

25. Target Cells/Organs
Hormones bind to specific chemical receptors called TARGET CELLS/ORGANS
Target Cell/Organ- is a cell or organ that has a specific receptor for the specific hormone

26. Glands Glands produce and release hormones
Endocrine Gland Examples: thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, pancreas, and pituitary gland

27. How are Hormones Monitored
Hormones are monitored through a Negative Feedback System
Negative Feedback: a system that inhibits (stops) the release of hormone

28. Negative Feedback EX:
The Pancreas secretes 2 hormones, Insulin and Glucagon
Insulin picks up Glucose (sugar) in your blood
Glucagon releases Glucose into your blood

29. Increased Uptake of glucose, leads to a decrease in glucose
Increase in Insulin
because Blood
sugar is high
Increased Uptake of glucose, leads to a decrease in glucose
Pancreas detects increase in Sugar

30. Glucagon is released to increase glucose in the blood
Decreased blood
sugar, causes decrease in insulin
Pancreas detects a decrease in Glucose

31. Vocabulary
INSULIN: a hormone that the pancreas releases to pick up sugar
Glucagon: a hormone the pancreas releases to release stored glucose (glycogen)
Glycogen: stored glucose