1. Unit IV – Nature vs. Nurture: Nature and Nurture of Gender
Nature and Nurture of Gender: Nature
Gender - major example of nature vs. nurture
Sex determined by 23rd pair of chromosome – from father
Females: XX
Males: XY

2. Unit IV – Nature vs. Nurture: Nature and Nurture of Gender
Nature and Nurture of Gender: Nurture
Gender role
Role
Expectations (norms) about a social position
How category of person should act/behavior
Example:
How teacher should act, how hockey player should act, etc.

3. Unit IV – Nature vs. Nurture: Nature and Nurture of Gender
Nature and Nurture of Gender: Nurture
Gender role
Expectation how men & women should behave
Assigned by society
Gender
Social category of male and female
This results in:
Gender identify: our sense of being male or female

4. Unit IV – Nature vs. Nurture: Nature and Nurture of Gender
Nature and Nurture of Gender: Nurture
Gender
Social category of male and female
This results in:
Gender identify: our sense of being male or female
Gender-typing: acquisition of traditional masculine or feminine roles

5. Unit IV – Nature vs. Nurture: Nature and Nurture of Gender
Nature and Nurture of Gender: Nurture
Theories of Gender Typing
1) Social learning theory
Learn social behavior (including gender) by:
Observation & imitation
Being rewarded or punished
Mostly unconscious
Examples:
Billy is yelled at for playing with his sister’s dolls. Doesn’t do that again.

6. Unit IV – Nature vs. Nurture: Nature and Nurture of Gender
Nature and Nurture of Gender: Nurture
Theories of Gender Typing
2) Gender schema theory
Through observation, experience child determines what is female or male behavior
Incorporate that behavior (depending on sex), acts accordingly
Involves cognition
Example
Based on your experience, observation: boys play football & girls do gymnastics. You’re a boy, so you play football.