1. CHAPTER 7 Wrist and Hand

2. Wrist Functional classification: condyloid
Radius and ulna articulate with carpals…
But unlike the elbow where the ulna is the more important part…
At the wrist it is the radius which is more important

3. Bones—Hand Carpals Metacarpals Short bones Arranged in 2 rows
Base articulates with carpal bones and adjacent metacarpals.
The head articulates with the base of proximal phalanx.

4. Bones—Hand Phalanges Thumb—two: proximal and distal
Digits 2–5—three: proximal, middle, and distal

5. Thumb: first digit carpometacarpal joint
Joints—Hand
Thumb: first digit carpometacarpal joint
Saddle
Motions include:
Flexion/extension
Abduction/adduction
Opposition/reposition
Recommend inserting Figures 7-8A, B, C

6. Metacarpophalangeal joints
Joints—Fingers
Metacarpophalangeal joints
Condyloid with two degrees of freedom
Flexion/extension; abduction/adduction

7. Interphalangeal joints
Joints—Fingers
Interphalangeal joints
Digits 2–5—proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints
Thumb—one interphalangeal joint
Hinges—one degree of freedom
Flexion/extension

9. Joints—Soft Tissue Supporting Structures
Ligaments of the wrist
Extrinsic—radius, ulna, or metacarpals to carpals
Flexor and extensor retinacula—Carpal Tunnel Syndrome on flexor side

10. Muscles Wrist extensors Primary wrist extensors: Extensor digitorum
Extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB)—extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL)—extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU)
Extensor digitorum
Wrist extension when fingers extended

11. Muscles Wrist flexors Primary muscles
Flexor carpi radialis (FCR)—FCU—flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)—flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)—Palmaris Longus (PL)—FPL—APL

12. Radial/ulnar deviation
Muscles
Radial/ulnar deviation
Aka abduction and adduction
Deviation occurs in frontal plane about an A-P axis.