1. The Age of Imperialism (1800–1914)
Lesson 7 Southeast Asia and the Pacific

2. The Age of Imperialism (1800–1914)
Lesson 7 Southeast Asia and the Pacific
Learning Objectives
Describe how Europe and the United States built colonies in Southeast Asia.
Explain how imperialism spread to the islands of the Pacific.
Analyze how Australia and New Zealand achieved self-rule.

3. The Age of Imperialism (1800–1914)
Lesson 7 Southeast Asia and the Pacific
Key Terms
French Indochina.
Mongkut
Spanish-American War,
Liliuokalani
indigenous,
penal colony,
Maori

4. European Imperialism in Southeast Asia
By the mid-1800s, leaders throughout Southeast Asia faced the growing threat of Western imperialism. Before long, Western industrial powers divided up the region in their race for raw materials, new markets, and Christian converts.

5. European Imperialism in Southeast Asia
The Dutch East Indies
Dutch first in area taking Moluccas
The British in Burma and Malaya
Eventually take both through war
The French in Indochina
Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos- called French Indochina
Siam Stays Independent
Mongkut- leader, modernized Siam and kept it under his rule
His son- Chulalongkorn bargained to remove unequal treaties
Characteristics of Colonial Southeast Asia

6. European Imperialism in Southeast Asia
The headquarters of the Dutch East India Company was called Batavia Castle. It was located in present-day Jakarta. The East India Company built trading and military bases throughout the Spice Islands.

7. European Imperialism in Southeast Asia
Analyze Maps Europeans sought to exploit the vast natural resources of Southeast Asia. According to the map, to which resources did the Dutch have exclusive access?

8. Military Might and the Philippines
In the 1500s, Spain had seized the Philippines and extended its rule over the islands. Catholic missionaries spread Christianity among the Filipinos and the Catholic Church gained enormous power and wealth. Many Filipinos accused the Church of abusing its position. By the late 1800s, their anger fueled strong resistance to Spanish rule.

9. Military Might and the Philippines
Battles in the Philippines
Spain conquered in 1500’s
Jose Rizal-
United States took control after Spanish American War in
Emilio Aguinaldo led guerilla forces against US
Hundreds of thousands killed

10. Military Might and the Philippines
During the Spanish-American War, the U.S. Navy destroyed Spanish ships in the Battle of Manila Bay in the Philippines.

11. Strategic Holdings in the Pacific Islands
In the 1800s, the industrialized powers began to take an interest in the islands of the Pacific. The thousands of islands splashed across the Pacific include the three regions of Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia.

12. Strategic Holdings in the Pacific Islands
From Ports of Call to Colonies
Needed coal depots all over Pacific
Tahiti
Samoa
Hawaii- American Planters overthrew Queen Liliuokalani in 1893
Annexed in 1898 by US
Imperialist Rivalry
US, Britain, France, and Germany claimed nearly every Pacific Island

13. Strategic Holdings in the Pacific Islands
Missionaries often paved the way for imperialists. Here, British missionary John Williams arrives at a South Pacific island that is now part of Vanuatu. He was killed the next day by island residents.

14. Europeans in Australia
The Dutch in the 1600s were the first Europeans to reach Australia—the world's largest island and smallest continent. In 1770, Captain James Cook claimed Australia for Britain. For a time, however, Australia remained too distant to attract European settlers.

15. Europeans in Australia
Australia’s Indigenous People
Captain Cook claimed for GB
Indigenous Aborigines had been there for 40,000 years
A Penal Colony
GB used as a prison colony
8 month journey just to get there
Emigration to Australia
Eventually free citizens go there
Wool and gold
Self-Rule in Australia
1901- became independent common Wealth of Australia
Recognized GB as monarch figure head

16. Europeans in Australia
This Aboriginal art, showing a mythical woman and child with a fish, was found in northern Australia. Aboriginal art often depicts “Dreamtime,” the world’s origin according to Aboriginal traditions.

17. New Zealand’s Story
About 1,000 miles southeast of Australia lies New Zealand. It consists of several islands. New Zealand was the last landmass in the world to be settled. Like Australia, New Zealand had its own indigenous people, the Maori (MAH oh ree).

18. New Zealand’s Story Arrival of the Maori- Indigenous people of NZ
Last landmass in world to be settled
Small hunting bands who also farmed on a small scale
Arrival of Europeans
Captain James Cook also claimed for GB
Settlers attracted by mild climate and good soil
Maori Struggles
100,000 Maori live on Island
Maori fought to keep settlers out
War and disease reduce population to 45,000 by 1872
The Nation of New Zealand
1907 became its own Dominion but still recognized GB Monarch

19. New Zealand’s Story
Traditional Maori tattooing, which often covers the face, reveals important information about the wearer’s family and identity, such as tribal affiliations and social status.

20. Quiz: European Imperialism in Southeast Asia
Contrast Siam’s fate to that of Burma and Vietnam.
A. Siam remained independent, while Western countries colonized Burma and Vietnam.
B. Siam battled against Western countries, while Burma and Vietnam surrendered peacefully.
C. Siam joined forces with Western powers to colonize Burma and Vietnam.
D. Siam retained traditional ways, while Burma and Vietnam modernized.

21. Quiz: Military Might and the Philippines
How did Filipino rebels get involved in the Spanish-American War?
A. They produced supplies for the Spanish army.
B. They took advantage of the turmoil to stage a revolution.
C. They supported the United States, hoping to gain independence.
D. They destroyed the Spanish fleet stationed in the Philippines.

22. Quiz: Strategic Holdings in the Pacific Islands
Identify one major reason for the United States' annexation of Hawaii.
A. the arrival of many American settlers
B. the desire to modernize the islands
C. its location on shipping routes
D. pressure from sugar growers

23. Quiz: Europeans in Australia
What group made up the majority of Australia’s first European settlers?
A. gold hunters
B. missionaries
C. shepherds
D. convicts

24. Quiz: New Zealand’s Story
Why did the Maori fight colonists in New Zealand?
A. to gain power in the Pacific economy
B. to take over New Zealand ports
C. to defend their land
D. to control resources