1. How did the civil war Affect Democracy in England?

2. Democracy In England Charles II was in exile in Europe
The English Republic was now called the Commonwealth of England
The Rump Parliament voted to abolish the monarchy and the House of Lords in 1649

3. The Rump Parliament Becoming unpopular
Many people disagreed with its decisions or right to make decisions
Only 80 members, so it did not properly represent the people

4. Changing British Society
The Rump Parliament passed 2 Acts
The Adultery Act May 1650
Death penalty for incest and adultery
2. The Blasphemy Act August 1650
To restrain extreme religious groups

5. Oliver Cromwell takes on Parliament
1653 The Rump Parliament refused to hold an election unless they were guaranteed their seats
Cromwell marched into parliament with troops and physically drove members out
You are no parliament!!!

6. Lord Protector
Cromwell was named Lord Protector by senior army officers
Military dictator
Divided the country into districts and ruled through major-generals
- Collect taxes, law and order

7. Calvinist Blue Laws Established under Cromwell Lord Protector
Outlawed “pagan” ceremonies such as Christmas
Forbade dancing, gambling, sports , and theatre
Cromwell was not popular

8. Return of the King
After the death of Cromwell, a new parliament elected
New Parliament decided to restore the monarchy
Invited Charles II to return to England as King

9. Hail the King!
The restoration of the monarchy was a very popular decision
The people did not oppose the monarchy, they just wanted a parliament that could stand up for their rights
Everyone besides the Puritans hated the Blue Laws

10. Constitutional Monarchy
Parliament insisted the king rule as a constitutional monarch
powers controlled by parliament
2 major political parties formed
Tories- Royal supporters
Whigs- opponents to the monarchy

11. Charles II Revenge
Those behind the execution of Charles I were severely punished
10 members of the former Rump Parliament were hanged, draw and quartered
The body of Cromwell was dug up and hanged outside Westminster Abby
The coronation church and resting place of British monarchs since 1066

12. The Test Act
1672 Charles II issued a royal proclamation that supported religious freedom for Catholics
Parliament responded by issuing the test act
Made the Church of England Supreme
Catholics not allowed to hold office, vote, or join professions

13. James II James II was openly Catholic
Gave high offices to Catholics in spite of the Test Act
Believed in divine right and meant to take power from parliament

14. Fear and Chaos Rebellions anti-catholic riots broke out
Following the rebellion in support for Charles II’s illegitimate son, James instituted a reign of terror
Called the bloody Assizes due to the high number of executions

15. The Issue of Succession
James II produced a male Catholic heir
Parliament contacted James II’s Protestant daughter Mary and her Dutch husband William of Orange
November 1688William and men landed in southwest England
James II fled due to a lack of support
Parliament declared that he had abdicated the throne and it was open for Mary and William

16. Mary and William of Orange
Became king and queen in when they agreed to the terms of a new Bill of Rights
Document made it clear that the monarch’s power was limited
Absolute monarchy was over- This was the Glorious Revolution