1. HTR 7.01 Discuss concepts of ethnicity, culture and race.
Tina Marie Hunt, RN, BSN, HOE

2. Individual uniqueness
We must respect the individuality of each person.
Various factors influence:
Physical characteristics – gender, size, hair, nail, skin color
Family life
Socioeconomic status
Religious beliefs
Any major influence on any individuals uniqueness is the person’s cultural/ethnic heritage.

3. Influences on Individual uniqueness
Geographical location
Education
Occupation
Life experiences

4. Culture
The values, beliefs, attitudes, languages, symbols, rituals, behaviors, & customs unique to a particular group of people.
Set of rules
Provides the individual with a blueprint or general design for living, family relation, child rearing, education, occupational choice social interaction.

5. Culture Influences: Religion health care Beliefs food practices
Relationships
Education
Spirituality
social interactions

6. Four basic Culture characteristics
Learned
Shared
Social
dynamic & changing
Learned – culture does not just happen it is learned, taught by others. Example children lerns patterens of behavior by imitating Adults and developing attitudes accepted by others.
Shared- common practices and beliefs are shared with others in a culturalgroup.
Social- culture is social in nature, indivuals in the cultural groups understand appropriate behavior based on traditions that have been passed from generation to generations.
Culture is dynamic & changing – New ideas may generate standards for behVIOR. Allows a cultural group to meet the needs of the group by adapting to environmental changes.

7. Ethnicity
classification of people based on national origin and/or culture
Ethic groups share a common heritage, geographical location, social customs, language and beliefs.
Many different ethics exist in the U.S.
Members of an ethnic group my practice all the beliefs but they are still influenced bu other members of the group.

8. Common Ethnic groups
African American – Central & South African, Dominican Republic, Haiti, & Jamaica
Asian American – Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia & Pacific Island, Japan, Korea, Laos, Pakistan, Philippines, Samoa, and Vietnam

9. Common Ethnic groups
European American – England, France, Germany, Ireland, Poland, Russia, Scandinavia & Scotland
Hispanic American – Cuba, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Spanish-speaking countries in Central and South America

10. Common Ethnic groups
Middle Eastern/Arab American – Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and other North African and Middle Eastern Countries
Native American – Over 500 tribes of American Indians and Eskimos

11. Race
classification of people based on physical or biological characteristics such as the color of skin, eyes & hair; facial features, blood type and bone structure.
Used to label a group of people & explain patterns of behaviors
The values, beliefs & behaviors learned from the ethnic/cultural group
Blacks from Africa and blacks from the Caribbean share many of the same physical characteristics, but they respent different ethnic groups and have different cultural beliefs and values.

12. Cultural diversity
Differences based on cultural, ethnic, and racial factors
U.S.

13. Cultural assimilation
The absorption of many cultures into the dominant culture.
Requires new group to alter their unique beliefs and behaviors and adopt the ways of the dominant culture
Melting pot

14. Acculturation
The process of learning the beliefs and behaviors of a dominant culture and assuming some of the characteristics.

15. Sensitivity
The ability to recognize and appreciate the personal characteristics of others.
Essential for HC providers