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Lecture 8 Technological Principles of Medical Instrumentation

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Presentation on theme: "Lecture 8 Technological Principles of Medical Instrumentation"— Presentation transcript:

1 Lecture 8 Technological Principles of Medical Instrumentation
6 October University Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Department of Biomedical equipment and systems Technological Principles of Medical Instrumentation By Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban Mahmoud 2017 Lecture 8

2 Medical Imaging Techniques
Lecture 8 CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques Introduction 4.1 X-Ray Radiography 4.2 X-Ray Computed Tomography 4.3 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) 4.4 Ultrasonography 4.5 Elastography 4.6 Optical Imaging 4.7 Radionuclide Imaging 4.8 Infrared Thermography 4.9 Terahertz Imaging 4.10 Comparisons between Medical Imaging Techniques 4.11 Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

3 Medical Imaging Techniques
CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques Figure (4-1): Concept of a medical imaging system Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

4 CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
X-Ray Radiography Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

5 CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
X-Ray Radiography Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

6 CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
Shoulder Head Pelvis Knee Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

7 CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
X-Ray Radiography Benefits Noninvasive, quick, and painless. Support medical and surgical treatment planning. Guide medical personnel as they insert catheters or stents inside the body to treat tumors, or remove blood clots. Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

8 CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
X-Ray Radiography Risks Exposure to ionizing radiation, this increase the possibility of developing cancer later in life. Tissue effects such as cataracts, skin reddening, and hair loss, which occur at relatively high levels of radiation exposure. Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

9 CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
X-Ray Radiography Medical Applications X-ray radiography is used in many types of examinations such as; chiropractic, dental. Fluoroscopy radiographs used for showing the movement of organs, such as the stomach, intestine, and colon, in the body, also can be used for studding the blood vessels of the heart and the brain. Mammography used for diagnosing and screening of the breast tissue. Bone Densitometry used for measures bone mineral content and density. Arthrography used for seeing inside the joint. Hysterosalpingogram used for examining of the uterus and Fallopian tubes. Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

10 CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
X-Ray Computed Tomography (a) CT scanner (b) CT fan beam Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

11 CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
2D CT D CT D CT Example of CT scan Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

12 CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
CT Benefits Non invasive, quick, and painless. Good spatial resolution. Global view of veins. Distinguished by small differences in physical density. Avoids invasive insertion of an arterial catheter and guide wire. Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

13 CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
CT Risks Exposure to ionizing radiation, this increase the possibility of developing cancer later in life. No real time information. Cannot detect intra-luminal abnormalities. Cannot be performed without contrast (allergy, toxicity). Less contrast resolution where soft tissue contrast is low. Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

14 CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
CT Medical Applications Examining many parts of human body such as; brain, sinus, facial bones, dental, spines, cervical, hands, wrist, elbow, shoulder, hip, knee, ankle foot, renal tract. Diagnosing disease, trauma and abnormality. Planning and guiding the interventional or therapeutic procedures. Monitoring the effectiveness of therapy (cancer treatment). Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

15 CHAPTER 4 Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2017

16 Many thanks Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban Questions?????


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