1. Inventory Transactions庫存交易
Contents:
Goods Receipts收貨and Goods Issues發貨
Stock Transfers庫存轉移

2. Inventory Transactions: Unit Objectives
At the conclusion of this unit在這個單元結束, you will be able to:
Post miscellaneous雜項/其它goods movements貨物移動
Transfer items from one warehouse to another

3. Goods Receipts and Goods Issues收貨和發貨: Topic Objectives
At the conclusion of this topic在這個話題結束, you will be able to:
Post goods receipts without reference參考to a purchase order記錄無採購單的收貨單
Post an initial entry of stock balances記錄庫存初始餘額
Enter goods issues that do not refer to a specific customer delivery記錄無特定客戶交貨單的發貨單
Explain how goods movements are assessed and accounts determined解釋如何進行貨物移動評估，並判定帳戶

4. Stock Movements Overview庫存變化概況
Goods Receipts PO/
Goods Returns from Purchasing Functions採購功能
Delivery/ Returns from Sales Functions銷售功能
Goods Receipts
Goods Issues
Warehouse
Beginning Quantities
Five pieces of an item are found damaged in the warehouse ---- post a separate goods issue
Stock Transfer between Warehouses倉庫之間的庫存轉移
You enter the forgotten stock quantity by means of a goods receipt in the system輸入遺忘的庫存量
This graphic shows an overview over the different possibilities of stock movements.
When an item is purchased or sold, warehouse stock is automatically reduced or increased when the transactions are entered in purchasing and sales. For example, if a delivery note is created based on a sales order for a customer, the warehouse stock is reduced by the delivery quantity when the delivery note is added. If an incoming invoice is entered in purchasing, the warehouse stock increases by the delivery quantity when the incoming invoice is added.
The purchase or sale of an item is, however, not the only transactions that result in a goods receipt or goods issue.
For example, if five pieces of an item are found damaged in the warehouse as a result of water damage, rendering them useless, they are removed from the warehouse. These items cannot, however, be sold because they are now useless. In this case, you have to post a separate goods issue with the function described here.
A goods receipt may be necessary, for example, if, after carrying out a physical inventory, you establish that you have not considered part of the quantity stored. You enter the forgotten quantity by means of a goods receipt in the system.
Remove Components for Production取出材料到生產
Goods Receipts from Final Product成品收貨

5. Goods Receipts / Goods Issue
You use goods receipts to post quantities without referring to a specific purchase order.如果沒有特定的採購單情況下-需要使用收貨單紀錄數量
You use goods issue to post quantities without referring to a specific sales order.如果沒有特定的銷售單情況下-需要使用發貨單紀錄數量
Goods Issue
Goods Receipt
Number 22
Primary
Price List
Last Purchase Price
General Information 1
Item No Quantity Price Total Inventory Offset
Offsetting Accounts抵消賬戶:
Purchasing – Allocation Account
Sales – Cost Account
A EUR EUR
Table Window
Remarks
You use goods receipts to post quantities without referring to a specific purchase order.
You use goods issue to post quantities without referring to a specific sales order.
General Information 1:
Price List: The system displays the Last Purchase Price list by default. You can choose a different price list, if necessary.
Table Window:
Price: The price of the item is copied automatically by the system from the price list on the basis of the price list selected in the upper part of the window. You can change the price manually here.
Total: The system calculates the total amount for an item and the total document from the specified price and the quantity of goods received. The document displays in the column below even if not all of the rows of the goods receipt are visible because the list is too long to fit into the window.
Inventory Offset – Decrease / Increase: The system automatically determines the correct revenue account for goods receipt and the correct expense account for goods issue: Administration  Setup  Financials  G/L Account Determination (Inventory tab).
General Information 2:
Remarks: You can enter your own text to describe the goods receipt in this field.
Journal Remark: In this field, you can enter your own text to describe the goods receipt. This text is copied when the goods receipt is posted in Accounting.
Journal Remark
Goods Receipt
General Information 2

6. Inventory Postings庫存過賬
For goods receipts and goods issues that do not refer to a sales process or purchasing process
Inventory Item
Inventory  Inventory Transactions  Goods Receipt.
Inventory  Inventory Transactions  Goods Issue.
Sales Item
Purchased Item
Goods Receipt
Ware-house
Fixed Assets
Stock Account
Inventory Offset - Increase
100
100
Goods Issue
Ware-house
Inventory Offset - Decrease
Stock Account
For goods receipts and goods issues that do not refer to a sales process or purchasing process, you must specify the warehouse to which or from which you want to post the goods. The system always uses the default warehouse from the item master record if you don’t specify otherwise.
To post a goods receipt, choose Inventory  Inventory Transactions  Goods Receipt.
To post a goods issue, choose Inventory  Inventory Transactions  Goods Issue.
You can enter the Inventory Offset - Increase account (for goods receipts) or the Inventory Offset - Decrease account (for goods issues) directly in the document. The system defaults the account from the item master record.
A goods receipt creates a journal entry that posts the value of the received goods on the debit side of the stock account and the credit side of the inventory offset – increase account.
A goods issue creates a journal entry that posts the value of the issued goods on the debit side of the inventory offset – decrease account and the credit side of the stock account.
The stock accounts are retrieved from the Inventory Account fields on the Inventory Data tab of the item master record.
100
100

7. Inventory Transfers: Topic Objectives
At the conclusion of this topic在這個話題結束, you will be able to:
Post inventory transfers記錄庫存轉移in SAP Business One
Outline the accounting documents created as a result創建相關的會計文件
Handle scenarios involving consignment stock at a customer 處理在客戶的寄賣存貨情況

8. Inventory Transfers / Customer Consignment (1)
Optional for customer consignment
Inventory Transfer
Customer
Name
Issuing Warehouse for the entire inventory transfer document
Ship To
Contact
From WH 01
Item No.
Item Description
To Warehouse
Quantity
Price
Total
Receiving Warehouse for each item
Price List
You use the Inventory Transfer document to transfer stock from one warehouse to another.
An inventory transfer can also be carried out as a consignment for a customer. The items are then stored in and sold from the customer's warehouse.
To enter a stock transfer in the system, choose Inventory  Inventory transactions  Inventory Transfer.
Enter a customer for inventory transfers that contains a customer consignment. Do not enter a customer in the document if the inventory transfer is not linked to a customer.
The system uses the cost price to calculate the prices for the journal entry. OK
Cancel

9. Transferring Stock Transfer stock from one warehouse to another.
Use the Inventory Transfer document to庫存轉移文件:
Transfer stock from one warehouse to another.
Inventory Item
Sales Item
Purchased Item
Fixed Assets
Inventory Transfer
Inventory account
(Warehouse 01)
Inventory account
(Warehouse 02)
100
100
Warehouse 01
When you post an inventory transfer from warehouse 02 to warehouse 01, the system creates an inventory transfer document and a journal entry. The journal entry posts the value of the transferred goods on the debit side of the stock account of warehouse 01 and on the credit side of the inventory account of warehouse 02. The inventory accounts are retrieved from the Inventory Account fields on the Inventory Data tab of the item master record.
To post a stock transfer, choose Inventory  Inventory Transactions  Inventory Transfer.
Warehouse 02

10. Customer Consignment客戶的寄賣存貨
An inventory transfer can also be carried out as a consignment 寄賣存貨 for a customer. The items are then stored in and sold from the customer's warehouse.
To enter a stock transfer in the system, choose:
Inventory  Inventory transactions  Inventory Transfer
If you maintain consignment stock for several of your customers,
You should create a consignment stock for each customer so that the stocks for each customer can be monitored more easily.為每一個客戶建立一個寄售庫存
You can then display the consignment stocks using the warehouse reports.

11. Consignment Stock at Customer在客戶的寄賣存貨
Invoice
2c. Invoice
2a. Withdrawal 1.
Delivery
Production
Company
Customer
2b.
Confirmation
SYSTEM 1.
2a,b,c.
Invoice
WH 01
WH 03
Inventory Transfer
Consignment stock is stock that your company delivers to the customer but from an accounting perspective, remains your company's possession until it is consumed.
1. If you deliver items to your customer in the form of a consignment, you can enter the inventory transfer from your warehouse to the consignment warehouses in the system.
2a. The customer withdraws the items from the consignment warehouses at his site (for example for production).
2b. The customer confirms the quantities of stock that have been withdrawn from the warehouse (for example by phone).
2c. Your company then bills the customer accordingly. This includes the goods issue in the consignment warehouse.
You model the customer consignment process in SAP Business One using additional warehouses. In this scenario, the system finds the price list and associated price defined in the customer master record. The value at the point at which the stock is transferred is still assigned using the moving average price. The system does not post the liabilities (= price * quantity) until the invoice is created.
You have to create a storage location for the consignment to enable the consignment stock to be managed separately from your other item stocks. If you maintain consignment stock for several of your customers, you should create a consignment store for each customer so that the stocks for each customer can be monitored more easily. You can then display the consignment stocks using the warehouse reports.
Goods Issue from WH 03
(customer informs company about the GI)
Customer
Company

12. Inventory: Unit Summary
You are now able to:
Post miscellaneous goods movements記錄雜項物品變動
Transfer items from one warehouse to another從一個倉庫轉移物品到另一個