1. Chapter 5
Preparing for Birth

2. Objectives Identify early signs of pregnancy
Explain the importance of proper nutrition during pregnancy
List six categories of basic baby supplies
Describe why parents need to develop a budget
Identify ways expectant parents can prepare for the birth of a child
Compare and contrast the options for the delivery of a baby

3. Section 5.1
A Healthy Pregnancy

4. Early Signs of Pregnancy
Within a few weeks of conception, women usually experience one or more of the following signs of pregnancy:
A missed menstrual period
A full feeling or mild ache in the lower abdomen
Tiredness or faintness
A frequent, urgent need to urinate
Swollen breasts, causing discomfort or tenderness
Nausea or vomiting, particularly in the morning

5. Early Signs of Pregnancy
If a woman believes she is pregnant, she should take a pregnancy test as soon as possible
Doctors can conducts test to confirm pregnancy
There are also variety of home pregnancy tests
Early detection of pregnancy is crucial to the health of the expectant mother and her baby

6. Medical Care
Obstetrician is a doctor who specializes in pregnancy and childbirth

7. The First Exam Check blood pressure, pulse, respiration, and weight
Discuss medical history and existing conditions
Measurement of pelvis
Urine analysis
Blood tests

8. Periodic Checkups
Once a month until about the sixth or seventh month of pregnancy
Then twice a month
Final month, once a week
During visits monitor baby’s development and mother’s health
Regular checkups allow immediate response should a problem arise

9. Periodic Checkups
Between 24th and 28th weeks of pregnancy women take glucose tolerance test to check for gestational diabetes
Form of a diabetes that occurs only during pregnancy
If left untreated, gestational diabetes can cause the baby to be heavier than normal or healthy
Another serious condition that can occur in 2nd half of pregnancy is preeclampsia
Condition characterized by high blood pressure and the presence of protein in the mother’s urine
Can prevent baby from getting enough blood, which provides oxygen and food

10. Discomforts of Pregnancy
Most women experience few problems during pregnancy
Some discomforts women can experience
Nausea or vomiting
Sleepiness
Heartburn
Shortness of breath
Varicose veins
Muscle cramps in the legs
Lower back pain

11. Possible Serious Complications
Few women experience more serious problems during pregnancy
Any of the following symptoms should be reported to doctor immediately
Vaginal bleeding
Unusual weight gain or loss
Excessive thirst
Diminished need to urinate or pain during
Severe abdominal pain
Persistent headaches
Severe vomiting
Fever
Increased vaginal mucus
Swelling of the face, hands, or ankles
Blurred vision or dizziness
Prolonged backache

12. Physical Changes Weight gain: typically gain between 24-30 pounds
Daily routines
Eat a healthful diet
Get plenty of rest
Exercise
Practice good hygiene

13. Emotional Health During Pregnancy
Pregnancy causes hormonal changes that may lead to mood swings
Emotional and physical stress can lead to deep and lasting feelings of sadness, known as depression

14. Coping with Stress During Pregnancy
Avoid sugary foods and caffeine
Exercise
Take a time-out
Practice relaxation techniques
Talk about concerns
Take a class for expectant parents

15. Nutrition During Pregnancy
Single most important requirement during pregnancy
Baby’s growth and development, including crucial brain development, depends on nutrients from the mother
Eating nutritious, balanced diet, a pregnant woman promotes baby’s development and maintains own health

16. Choose My Plate

17. Nutrition During Pregnancy
Vegetables
Rich in potassium, dietary fiber, folic acids, and vitamins A, C, & E
Low fat so help control mother’s weight
Fruits
Many of the same benefits as vegetables
Fruit juices higher in calories and do not contain fiber
Good sources of potassium, dietary fiber, vitamins A and C, and folic acid
Grains
Carbohydrates which gives body energy
Fortified with folic acid
Protein
Vital to the baby’s growth and development of bones and teeth
Helps keep mother’s body healthy
Dairy
Nutrients include calcium, potassium, vitamin D, and protein
Important for building healthy bones and teeth

18. Vitamins and Minerals Vitamin A: eye development
B Vitamins: general fetal development
Vitamin C: build healthy teeth
Vitamin D: creation of bones and teeth
Folic acid: normal spinal development
Women need extra iron to suppot baby’s blood supply
Calcium and phosphorus also important to build strong bones and teeth

19. Create a day of meals for a Mom
At your table groups:
Using the MyPlate information for pregnant mothers create an example day of meals that would meet the MyPlate guidelines (breakfast, lunch and dinner)
Create a day’s meals for both the 1st trimester and the 2nd/3rd trimester
Would your meal plan change if mother was lactose intolerant or vegetarian? How so?
Keep at table when finished

21. 5.2 Preparing for the Baby’s Arrival

22. Preparing for Parenthood
Pregnancy is time of anticipation and preparation
Also time to think about what their baby’s physical, emotional, and intellectual needs will be and how they are going to meet them
Prepare for changing responsibilities
Benefit from good time-management

23. Other Children in the Family
Not always easy for children to accept a new baby in their lives
Siblings may or may not be excited about the new addition
Reaction depends on
How prepared they were before
How they react to change
Age
Parents should be prepared for a wide range of attitudes, from jealousy and confusion to excitement and love
Tips for parents:
Don’t change child’s routine as much as possible
Sibling classes if available
Have child visit hospital
When relatives visit, make sibling feel included
Encourage involvement with new baby
Set aside alone time with child

24. Decisions About Feeding
All parents need to decide whether to breast- or bottle-feed their baby
Many advantages and disadvantages
Fill out your worksheet comparing the advantages and disadvantages to both
Once completed, we will discuss as a class which factors are most important and what an expecting mother should choose

25. Needed Baby Items Diapering Needs Clothing Feeding Equipment
Bedding/bedroom
Bathing and other supplies
Travel equipment
All items you will look up for your nursery assignment!

26. Making a Budget
Prenatal care is an important expense that can be very costly
Add on expenses for a new child and it can be more expensive than new parents think
Planning can help parents meet expenses
Creating a budget is one way
A spending plan that people use to help estimate their present and future income and expenses

27. Making a Budget Indentify Income
Create list of where that income currently goes
Fixed expense: payment that generally cannot be changed
Flexible expense: expense that can be changed

28. Making a Budget Estimate health care costs Consider child care options
Doctors costs
Costs of staying at hospital
Health insurance?
Consider child care options
Maternity leave
Paternity leave

29. Making a Budget Estimate other costs Make a plan Reduce expenses
Maternity wear
Basic child care supplies
Formula ($1,200-$2,200/year)
Substitute child care
Make a plan
Compare expenses to their income and savings
Reduce expenses

31. 5.3 Child Birth Options

32. Prepared Childbirth

33. Delivery Options: Health Care Professionals

34. Delivery Options: Places to Give Birth