1. Aoccdrnig to rscheearch at an Elingsh uinervtisy, it deosn’t mttaer in what oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoetnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer are in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a toatl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porblem.

2. A dootcr has aimttded the magltheuansr of a tagenne ceacnr pintaet who deid aeftr a hatospil durg blendur.”

3. Absolute Thresholds & the Just Noticeable Difference
Signal-Detection Theory
How does expectation influence our ability to sense stimuli?
What about subliminal perception?
1957 – James Vicary flashes “Eat Popcorn” at his movie theater to increase sales; claims increases in sales of 58%
Jon Krusnick (1992)
Subjects view slides of faces, gave more favorable attitude ratings when faces were preceded by brief subliminal presentations (.013 sec) of photos arousing positive emotions (kittens) than negative (skull)
Priming
The Hallway Study (Bargh, Chen, & Burrows, 1996)
Difference Threshold (Just Noticeable Difference)
Weber’s Law

4. Feature Analysis
Bottom-Up Processing – use individual parts to form the whole
Learning to read
Top-Down Processing – use the whole (context, experience, & expectations) to fill in the elements
How do we know top-down processing exists?
H _ _ L _W _ _ N
Demonstration: Song Backmasking

5. Top-Down Processing & Sensory Interaction
Song Backmasking

6. Led Zepplin’s Stairway to Heaven
'Oh here's to my sweet Satan. The one whose little path would make me sad, whose power is satan. He'll give those with him 666, there was a little tool shed where he made us suffer, sad Satan.'

7. Lady Gaga’s Paparazzi
'Evil save us! These stars above, above... we model it on the arts of Lucifer.'

8. Brittany Spears’ Baby One More Time
'Sleep with me, I'm not too young.'

10. Sensory Adaptation What are common examples of sensory adaptation?
Why don’t objects disappear from our vision over time?

11. Sensory Interaction How do our senses influence one another?
The McGurk Effect