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a design technique for achieving fish passage
Stream Simulation: a design technique for achieving fish passage Annual Joint Stewardship Meeting January 18th, 2017 Yachats, OR Justin Anderson hydrologist/ geomorphologist Siuslaw National Forest
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2016 Stewardship Project Proposals
Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design process Design elements Resources 2016 Stewardship Project Proposals 11 culvert replacements
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Stream simulation: what is it?
Design elements Design process Stream Simulation definition and rationale Stream simulation: what is it? Design Technique for Fish passage Culvert replacement Culvert removal Other organisms too Stream restoration Resources Simulate the natural characteristics of a stream (bed and banks) Key concept: “geomorphic continuity”
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Stream simulation: what is it?
Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design process Design elements Resources Stream simulation: what is it? Interdisciplinary design process Engineer Fisheries biologist Hydrologist/ geomorphologist
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Stream simulation, why use it?
Design elements Design process Stream Simulation definition and rationale Stream simulation, why use it? Effectiveness Fish passage Flood resilience Resources
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Stream simulation, why use it?
Design elements Design process Stream Simulation definition and rationale Stream simulation, why use it? Policy Design standards ESA consultation NOAA NMFS ARBO Permitting USACE Resources
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Stream Simulation Design
Phase 1 Initial Assessment Phase 2 Site Assessment Phase 3 Stream Simulation Design Phase 4 Final Design & Contract Preparation Phase 5 Construction Phase 6 Maintenance & Monitoring Stream simulation project phases
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Design process (abbreviated): Site assessment (geomorphic)
Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design process Design elements Resources Design process (abbreviated): Site assessment (geomorphic) Design reach Reference reach Long profile Cross section Widths Pebble counts
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Site assessment Design element: Design reach velocity depth drop
Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design process Design elements Resources Site assessment velocity depth drop Design element: Design reach Longitudinal profile off-set, a recurring design challenge
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Design element: Longitudinal profile Existing Gradient? Design reach
Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design process Design elements Resources Design reach Design element: Longitudinal profile Existing Gradient? sediment pool Outlet Transition Inlet Transition Structure
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Design element: Reference Reach Reference reach Constructed Reach
Design elements Design process Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design element: Reference reach Gradient is key determinant in selection Reference Reach Constructed Reach Resources Informs: Width Depth Bed-forms Bed materials “Geomorphic continuity”
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Design element: Longitudinal profile (Design) Bed-forms Spacing
Design elements Design process Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design element: Longitudinal profile (Design) Bed-forms Spacing Resources Informed by the reference reach
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Design element: Cross section Width!!! Depth Shape Low flow
Design elements Design process Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design element: Cross section Width!!! Depth Shape Low flow Resources Informed by the reference reach
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Design element: Good match! Stream bed materials Gravels Cobbles
Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design process Design elements Resources Design element: Stream bed materials Gravels Cobbles Boulders Fines! Informed by the reference reach Good match!
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Too coarse! Design element: Stream bed materials Gravels, cobbles
Design process Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design element: Examples Stream bed materials Gravels, cobbles Boulders Fines! Too coarse!
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Design element: Geotechnical Depth to bedrock Bedrock topography
Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design process Design elements Resources Design element: Geotechnical Depth to bedrock Bedrock topography Geology Informs structure type
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Design element Time to build something yet? ….Almost
Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design process Design elements Resources Time to build something yet? ….Almost Design element Photo: D. McKinley Sediment transport Stability Mobility Scour Informs embedment depth
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Design element: Crossing structure c. Pipe Arch d. Bottomless Arch
Design elements Design process Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design element: Crossing structure c. Pipe Arch d. Bottomless Arch e. Round b. Box a. Bridge Resources
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Design product: Construction plans Profile Bed-forms Spacing
Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design process Design elements Resources Design product: Construction plans Profile Bed-forms Spacing Cross sections Bed materials Crossing structure
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Resources Design manual Available on-line Comprehensive
Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design elements Design process Resources Resources Design manual Available on-line Comprehensive
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Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
Stream Simulation definition and rationale Design elements Design process Resources US Forest Service Justin Anderson Project bios/ hydros Tech review team Stewardship board Resources Expertise Engineers Fisheries biologists Hydrologists/ geomorphologists Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Engineering Firms Timing Design phase Construction phase Other? Gaps?
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Conclusions Stream simulation Stewardship discussion Effective tool
Standard practice for USFS Consultation demands it Requires design expertise Stewardship discussion Lots of culverts May need additional support Review process can improve
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