1. The Young Republic Grows Part I
Chapter 12
The Young Republic Grows
Part I

2. The French in America Napoleon wanted to take over Europe
Also interested in an American empire for France
Spain had controlled Louisiana since end of French and Indian War
Much larger than the state we think of now
Spain gave the land back to France
Wanted to keep friendship with Napoleon
Spain kept troops and governor in this territory

3. Louisiana Purchase Jefferson wanted Louisiana as well
Thought America should extend sea to shining sea
Napoleon needed money for his armies in Europe
Sold Louisiana territory to US in 1803
Jefferson made treaty, the Senate ratified it
$15 mil
Louisiana Territory
Doubled size of US
13 states carved from this territory over the years
Louisiana, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, Iowa, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Wyoming, Colorado, Montana

5. An Expedition is Formed
Louisiana territory greatly unexplored
Jefferson organized an expedition
Explore Missouri River westward to Rocky Mtns
Explore British territory of Oregon
See if there was a water route to Pacific Ocean

6. Lewis and Clark Meriwether Lewis William Clark
Picked to lead Corps of Discovery
40+ men
Had been Jefferson’s personal secretary
29 years old
Scientist and writer
William Clark
Accompanied Lewis
33 years old
Experience on the frontier

7. The Mission Map out lands Gather info on soil, plants, and animals
Find out about religion, customs, and language of different Native American tribes

8. The Expedition Heads Out
They left May 14, 1804
From St. Louis, up the Missouri River
Against current
Could only go 3 or 4 miles a day
55ft Keelboat, two smaller boats
Large, flat-bottomed boat without sails
Met many Native American tribes
Kickapoo, Osage, Missouri, Sauk, Fox, Pawnee, Sioux
Saw teepees for the first time
Saw buffalo on the Great Plains

9. Sacagawea Met French trapper Toussaint Charbonneau
In modern day North Dakota
He had bought and married a Native American
Sacagawea
Had been stolen from her people, the Shoshone, by a war party
They had sold her to Charbonneau
She joined the expedition
Her son “Pomp” was with her too
She acted as a guide
Knew land and inhabitants
Knew what was safe to eat
Knew what plants could act as medicine
Her presence made the Native Americans less hostile to the group

10. Over the Rocky Mountains
The expedition reached the Continental Divide
Splits the rivers of North America
Left side flows West, right side flows East
They met a band of Shoshone Indians
Chief turned out to be Sacagawea’s brother
Cameahwait
Gave the Corps of Discovery horses
They descended the Rockies onto the other side

11. The Native American Tribes of the Pacific Coast
Lewis and Clark encountered the Pacific Coast tribes
Chinook, Tillamook, Klamath, Clatsop
Different to Plains Indians
Shorter
Woodcarvers
Lived in wooden longhouses
Canoes for hunting salmon
Totem poles
Reached mouth of Columbia River (Nov. 15, 1805)
Saw Pacific Ocean
Built Fort Clatsop
Named after local Clatsop tribe of Native Americans
Served as their winter quarters

12. Homeward Bound Corps of Discovery headed home in March, 1806
Journey went faster once they crossed the Continental Divide, as they could ride the current back
Lewis and Clark split up at this point
Lewis explored the Marias River to the north
Clark and Sacagawea explored the Jefferson and Yellowstone rivers to the south
Lewis and Clark met up later on the Missouri River
There they said good-bye to Sacagawea
Returned to St. Louis on Sept. 23, 1806
Trip took 2 years, 4 months
Reported back to Jefferson in early 1807

13. Pomp Later baptized a Catholic
Named Jean-Baptiste
William Clark became his guardian after Sacagawea’s death
Jean-Baptiste later guided Jefferson Clark (William Clark’s son) on an expedition to the west
Jean-Baptiste eventually died in 1866 of Pneumonia

14. Issues at Sea Great Britain controlled the ocean with their navy
Great Britain started stopping US ships at sea
Seized American cargo
Forced American sailors to serve in British navy
British ship HMS Leopard shot at USS Chesapeake
1807
Only 10 miles off VA coast
French navy started seizing American ships as well
Many Americans wanted war
Jefferson didn’t think we could fight them both
Forbade trade with Great Britain and France as a punishment to those countries

15. James Madison Jefferson only served 2 terms
Because that is what Washington had done
James Madison was elected 4th President

16. The Last Straw
Napoleon pledged the French would stop attacking US ships
Madison agreed to trade with them
Still had an embargo against trading with the British
They refused to pledge to stop attacking American ships
Madison ordered Captain John Rodgers to protect US ships
His boat, the USS President was attacked by HMS Little Belt
US ship defeated British ship
British ship suffered 32 casualties

17. War with Britain… Again!
A group of American congressmen demanded war
“War Hawks”
Others said that we were not strong enough to fight Great Britain again
War Hawks won the argument
Congress declared war on Great Britain (June, 1812)
War of 1812
Between US and Great Britain
Only 31 years since the Revolutionary War was going on